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"During the Reign of Terror, at least 300,000 suspects were arrested; 17,000 were officially executed, and perhaps 10,000 died in prison or without trial." [1] [4] On 2 June 1793, the Parisian sans-culottes surrounded the National Convention, [43] calling for administrative and political purges, a fixed low price for bread, and a limitation of ...
The next executions, from 29 December 1793 (9 Nivôse, Year II) to 18 January 1794 (29 Nivôse, Year II), were known as the Galiot Drownings (French: Noyades des galiotes). Two-masted Dutch galiots – small trade ships – moored in Nantes as a result of a naval blockade , were moved on this occasion to the quay next to the Coffee Warehouse ...
On 27 July 1793, Robespierre was elected to the Committee of Public Safety, and would remain a member until his death. [5] During the months between September 1793 and July 1794, the Committee's power increased dramatically due to several measures instated during the Terror, such as the Law of Suspects, and the later Law of 14th Frimaire, becoming the de facto executive branch of the ...
About 16,000 people were executed in what was later referred to as Reign of Terror, which ended in July 1794. Weakened by external threats and internal opposition, the Republic was replaced in 1795 by the Directory , and four years later, in 1799, the Consulate seized power in a military coup led by Napoleon Bonaparte on 9 November.
On 12 March 1793, a provisional Revolutionary Tribunal was established; three days later the Convention appointed Fouquier-Tinville as the "accusateur public" and Fleuriot-Lescot as his assistant. On 11 March, Dumouriez addressed the Brussels assembly, apologising for the actions of the French commissioners and soldiers. [ 18 ]
Throughout late 1792 and into 1793, revolutionary violence increased across France, leading into what became known as "The Reign of Terror". [37] Louis XVI was executed on 23 January 1793; [ 38 ] in the remainder of France, at least fifty Savoyards were executed, while others were killed in the region, which ordered — but does not appear to ...
Plaque in Nantes: "Former Coffee Warehouse Jail. During the Terror, during the winter of 1793-1794, at the time of the mission of J.-B. Carrier (who was condemned to death by the Revolutionary Tribunal in Paris and guillotined on 16 December 1794), 8 to 9,000 citizens of the Vendée, Anjou, the Nantes region, and Poitou – men, women, and children – were incarcerated at this jail.
British radical and Girondist sympathizer Helen Maria Williams, in her Sketch of the Politics of France, 1793–94, [12] wrote that "innocent young women were unclothed in the presence of the monsters; and, to add a deeper horror to this infernal act of cruelty, were tied to young men, and both were cut down with sabers, or thrown into the ...