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Learn this history of the Bible: when the Old and New Testaments were assembled and who compiled the 73 books.
The earliest contained the first five books of the Bible, called the Torah in Hebrew and the Pentateuch (meaning five books) in Greek. The second-oldest part was a collection of narrative histories and prophecies (the Nevi'im). The third collection (the Ketuvim) contains psalms, proverbs, and narrative histories.
But the Bible as a whole was not officially compiled until the late fourth century, illustrating that it was the Catholic Church who determined the canon—or list of books—of the Bible under the guidance of the Holy Spirit.
The first “canon” was the Muratorian Canon, which was compiled in AD 170. The Muratorian Canon included all of the New Testament books except Hebrews, James, 1 and 2 Peter, and 3 John.
1538 Great Bible, assembled by John Rogers, the first English Bible authorized for public use. 1560 Geneva Bible—the work of William Whittingham, a Protestant English exile in Geneva. 1568 ...
The Bible is a collection of sixty-six books composed and compiled over 2,000 years by forty authors on three continents. Here we research when the Old Testament and New Testament were written, compiled, the original language, and the history of the English Bible.
See the timeline of when each book of the Bible was written, understand challenges in dating them, and learn how scholars estimate the composition dates of ancient writing.
The latest books of the Hebrew Bible, such as Esther and Ezra-Nehemiah, describe events from the fifth century B.C.E. and would have been written afterward—meaning that the very earliest the Hebrew Bible could have been compiled in its entirety is the fifth century B.C.E., with some scholars suggesting much later dates.
The Bible timeline traces the unparalleled history of the Bible down through the ages. Discover how God's Word has been painstakingly preserved, and for extended periods even suppressed, during its long and arduous journey from creation to present-day English translations.
The final redaction and canonization of the Torah (the first five books of the Bible) most likely took place during the Babylonian Exile (6th–5th century BCE). The entire Hebrew Bible was complete by about 100 CE.