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The differential diagnosis includes other types of lung disease that cause similar symptoms and show similar abnormalities on chest radiographs. Some of these diseases cause fibrosis, scarring or honeycomb change. The most common considerations include: chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis; non-specific interstitial pneumonia; sarcoidosis
[1] [3] Diagnosis may be based on symptoms, medical imaging, lung biopsy, and lung function tests. [1] No cure exists and treatment options are limited. [1] Treatment is directed toward improving symptoms and may include oxygen therapy and pulmonary rehabilitation. [1] [4] Certain medications may slow the scarring. [4] Lung transplantation may ...
The differential diagnosis for ground-glass opacities is broad. General etiologies include infections, interstitial lung diseases, pulmonary edema, pulmonary hemorrhage, and neoplasm. A correlation of imaging with a patient's clinical features is useful in narrowing the diagnosis. [6] [7] GGOs can be seen in normal lungs. Upon expiration there ...
Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a general term for damage to the lungs as a result of exposure to ionizing radiation. [1] In general terms, such damage is divided into early inflammatory damage ( radiation pneumonitis ) and later complications of chronic scarring ( radiation fibrosis ).
Necrotizing pneumonia (NP), also known as cavitary pneumonia or cavitatory necrosis, is a rare but severe complication of lung parenchymal infection. [1] [2] [3] In necrotizing pneumonia, there is a substantial liquefaction following death of the lung tissue, which may lead to gangrene formation in the lung.
Bronchiolitis obliterans results in worsening shortness of breath, wheezing, and a dry cough.The symptoms can start gradually, or severe symptoms can occur suddenly. [9] [10] These symptoms represent an obstructive pattern that is non-reversible with bronchodilator therapy, and need to be related to various lung insults. [11]
Chest Imaging: either chest x-ray or CT scan, must show bilateral opacities that cannot be fully explained by other conditions such as effusion, lung/lobar collapse, or lung nodules. Origin of Edema: respiratory failure that cannot be fully explained by cardiac failure or fluid overload, this needs objective assessment such as an echocardiogram .
Pulmonary contusion can cause parts of the lung to consolidate, alveoli to collapse, and atelectasis (partial or total lung collapse) to occur. [35] Consolidation occurs when the parts of the lung that are normally filled with air fill with material from the pathological condition, such as blood. [ 36 ]
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