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In computer architecture, 256-bit integers, memory addresses, or other data units are those that are 256 bits (32 octets) wide. Also, 256-bit central processing unit (CPU) and arithmetic logic unit (ALU) architectures are those that are based on registers , address buses , or data buses of that size.
One of the major improvements the PCI Local Bus had over other I/O architectures was its configuration mechanism. In addition to the normal memory-mapped and I/O port spaces, each device function on the bus has a configuration space, which is 256 bytes long, addressable by knowing the eight-bit PCI bus, five-bit device, and three-bit function numbers for the device (commonly referred to as the ...
In 8-bit CP/M versions it is located in the first 256 bytes of memory, hence its name. The equivalent structure in DOS is the Program Segment Prefix (PSP), a 256-byte (page-sized) structure, which is by default located exactly before offset 0 of the program's load segment, rather than in segment 0.
The size of the "byte offset" from the address being translated is still 12 bits, so total physical address size increases from 32 bits to 36 bits (i.e. from 20+12 to 24+12). This increased the physical memory that is theoretically addressable by the CPU from 4 GB to 64 GB.
Consider a main memory of 16 kilobytes, which is organized as 4-byte blocks, and a 2-way set-associative cache of 256 bytes with a block size of 4 bytes. Because the main memory is 16kB, we need a minimum of 14 bits to uniquely represent a memory address. Since each cache block is of size 4 bytes and is 2-way set-associative, the total number ...
The size of a page depends on the context, and the significance of zero page memory versus higher addressed memory is highly dependent on machine architecture. For example, the Motorola 6800 and MOS Technology 6502 processor families treat the first 256 bytes of memory specially, [1] whereas many other processors do not.
(Because the AVR program counter counts 16-bit words, not bytes, a 12-bit offset is sufficient to address 2 13 bytes of ROM.) Additional memory addressing capabilities are present as required to access available resources: Models with >256 bytes of data address space (≥256 bytes of RAM) have a 16-bit stack pointer, with the high half in the ...
The new design put 256 bytes of random-access memory (RAM) on the 16-bit bus to store up to eight sets of registers. This area of RAM is known as the " scratchpad memory ". As the processor's instructions are all 16-bit as well, the 8 KB internal system read-only memory (ROM) was also on the 16-bit side. [ 39 ]