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Biogas is a gaseous renewable energy source [1] produced from raw materials such as agricultural waste, manure, municipal waste, plant material, sewage, green waste, wastewater, and food waste. Biogas is produced by anaerobic digestion with anaerobic organisms or methanogens inside an anaerobic digester, biodigester or a bioreactor.
Design of a dry/solid-state anaerobic digestion (AD) biogas plant High solids (dry) digesters are designed to process materials with a solids content between 25 and 40%. Unlike wet digesters that process pumpable slurries, high solids (dry – stackable substrate) digesters are designed to process solid substrates without the addition of water.
Biological methanation in a biogas or clarification plant with a gas processing system (in-situ process) Hydrogen is added directly to the fermentation material during a fermentation process and the biological methanation takes place subsequently in the thoroughly gassed fermentation material.
Comparison of common AD digester technology types. The following is a partial list of types of anaerobic digesters.These processes and systems harness anaerobic digestion for purposes such as treatment of biowaste, animal manure, sewage and biogas generation. [1]
This recycled material is pumped up into the bottom of the first reactor, an upflow reactor. The upflow anaerobic process is a large reactor which allows the waste to flow up from the bottom and separates the waste into 3 zones. At the very top is the biogas zone where the gas is collected.
Methanogenesis can also be beneficially exploited, to treat organic waste, to produce useful compounds, and the methane can be collected and used as biogas, a fuel. [21] It is the primary pathway whereby most organic matter disposed of via landfill is broken down. [ 22 ]
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Over time, the UASB model has been upgraded, pain points have been addressed, and design has been optimized - ultimately resulting in the following types of systems. Second generation UASB reactors, the EGSB (Expended Granule Sludge Blanket) reactor. This is a single layer high load system, with only one settler layer.