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Automated vehicles in European Union legislation refer specifically to road vehicles (car, truck, or bus). [17] For those vehicles, a specific difference is legally defined between advanced driver-assistance system and autonomous/automated vehicles, based on liability differences.
Road vehicles as a product category depend upon numerous technology categories from real-time analytics to commodity sensors and embedded systems. For these to operate in symphony the IoV ecosystem is dependent upon modern infrastructure and architectures that distribute computational burden across multiple processing units in a network. [6]
The reliance on data that describes the outside environment of the vehicle, compared to internal data, differentiates ADAS from driver-assistance systems (DAS). [8] ADAS rely on inputs from multiple data sources, including automotive imaging, LiDAR, radar, image processing, computer vision, and in-car networking.
The Volvo Scalable Product Architecture (SPA) [4] platform is a global, full-size, unibody automobile platform developed and manufactured by Volvo Cars, which has been produced over two generations. [5] It debuted in 2014 when the second-generation Volvo XC90 was released. [6]
Amazon Kinesis is a family of services provided by Amazon Web Services (AWS) for processing and analyzing real-time streaming data at a large scale. Launched in November 2013, it offers developers the ability to build applications that can consume and process data from multiple sources simultaneously. [2]
Amazon Redshift is a data warehouse product which forms part of the larger cloud-computing platform Amazon Web Services. [1] It is built on top of technology from the massive parallel processing (MPP) data warehouse company ParAccel (later acquired by Actian), [2] to handle large scale data sets and database migrations. [3]
The advanced traffic management system (ATMS) field is a primary subfield within the intelligent transportation system (ITS) domain, and is used in the United States. The ATMS view is a top-down management perspective that integrates technology primarily to improve the flow of vehicle traffic and improve safety.
The perception system processes visual and audio data from outside and inside the car to create a local model of the vehicle, the road, traffic, traffic controls and other observable objects, and their relative motion. The control system then takes actions to move the vehicle, considering the local model, road map, and driving regulations.