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While the items that define a wicked problem relate to the problem itself, the items that define a super wicked problem relate to the agent trying to solve it. Global warming is a super wicked problem, and the need to intervene to tend to our longer term interests has also been taken up by others, including Richard Lazarus .
A decision problem is a question which, for every input in some infinite set of inputs, answers "yes" or "no". [2] Those inputs can be numbers (for example, the decision problem "is the input a prime number?") or values of some other kind, such as strings of a formal language.
This is a list of puzzles that cannot be solved. An impossible puzzle is a puzzle that cannot be resolved, either due to lack of sufficient information, or any number of logical impossibilities. 15 Puzzle – Slide fifteen numbered tiles into numerical order. It is impossible to solve in half of the starting positions. [1]
In computational complexity theory, a computational hardness assumption is the hypothesis that a particular problem cannot be solved efficiently (where efficiently typically means "in polynomial time"). It is not known how to prove (unconditional) hardness for essentially any useful problem.
The third and final type of problem requires verbal ability to solve. An example is the Remote Associates Test (RAT), [8] in which people must think of a word that connects three, seemingly unrelated, words. [10] RAT are often used in experiments, because they can be solved both with and without insight. [11]
Abel–Ruffini theorem refers also to the slightly stronger result that there are equations of degree five and higher that cannot be solved by radicals. This does not follow from Abel's statement of the theorem, but is a corollary of his proof, as his proof is based on the fact that some polynomials in the coefficients of the equation are not ...
It follows from the definition of g that exactly one of the following two cases must hold: f(e,e) = 0 and so g(e) = 0. In this case program e halts on input e, so h(e,e) = 1. f(e,e) ≠ 0 and so g(e) is undefined. In this case program e does not halt on input e, so h(e,e) = 0. In either case, f cannot be the same function as h.
Calling a problem AI-complete reflects the belief that it cannot be solved by a simple specific algorithm. In the past, problems supposed to be AI-complete included computer vision , natural language understanding , and dealing with unexpected circumstances while solving any real-world problem. [ 2 ]