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In 2018, the U.S. Department of Labor issued a report on labour conditions around the world [53] in which a List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor mentioned five countries where the cocoa industry used child labour, and two countries where the cocoa industry used child labour and forced labour. [54]
In 2009, Mars and Cadbury joined the Rainforest Alliance to fight against child labor. By 2020, these major chocolate manufacturers hoped to completely eradicate child labor on any plantations from which they purchase their cocoa. [7] As of 2019, there are still 1.56 million child laborers in Ghana and the Ivory Coast. [8]
Boy collecting cocoa after beans have dried. The Harkin–Engel Protocol, [a] sometimes referred to as the Cocoa Protocol, is an international agreement aimed at ending the worst forms of child labor (according to the International Labour Organization's Convention 182) and forced labor (according to ILO Convention 29) in the production of cocoa, the main ingredient in chocolate.
In terms of the proportion of children from families working in the cocoa sector that are engaged in child labour, that increased to 46% in the 2018/19 season from 44% when the last survey was ...
U.S. customs authorities have asked cocoa traders to report where and when they encounter child labour in their supply chains in top grower Ivory Coast, three industry sources said, following ...
The widespread use of children in cocoa production is controversial, not only for the concerns about child labor and exploitation, but also because according to a 2002 estimate, up to 12,000 of the 200,000 children then working in the Ivory Coast cocoa industry [152] may have been victims of trafficking or slavery. [153]
Founded in 1947, the Bureau of International Labor Affairs (ILAB) has published numerous reports on the subject of labor, child labor, forced labor and forced child labor around the world. [15] [16] [17] Since 2009, [18] the Bureau has been issuing an updated List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor yearly. The report listed 122 ...
The International Cocoa Initiative was established in 2002 to address part of Article 5 (establishment of a joint foundation) of the Harkin-Engel Protocol, an international agreement aimed at ending the worst forms of child labour and forced labour in the production of cocoa. [3] ICI operates in Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana since 2007. [4]