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Relationship between neurogenesis and depression. Stress has been reported to impair many aspects of hippocampal neurogenesis, including: [3] Proliferation rate of neural progenitor cells; Survival of neuroblasts and immature neurons; Growth and development of new neuron; The neurogenesis hypothesis of depression posits that: [3]
The biology of depression is the attempt to identify a biochemical origin of depression, as opposed to theories that emphasize psychological or situational causes. Scientific studies have found that different brain areas show altered activity in humans with major depressive disorder (MDD) . [ 1 ]
Stress can cause acute and chronic changes in certain brain areas which can cause long-term damage. [4] Over-secretion of stress hormones most frequently impairs long-term delayed recall memory, but can enhance short-term, immediate recall memory. This enhancement is particularly relative in emotional memory.
The triad forms part of his cognitive theory of depression [4] and the concept is used as part of CBT, particularly in Beck's "Treatment of Negative Automatic Thoughts" (TNAT) approach. The triad involves "automatic, spontaneous and seemingly uncontrollable negative thoughts" about the self , the world or environment , and the future.
Stress appears to play a role in hypertension, and may further predispose people to other conditions associated with hypertension. [48] Stress may precipitate abuse of drugs and/or alcohol. [5] Stress may also contribute to aging and chronic diseases in aging, such as depression and metabolic disorders. [49]
These theories of attributional style and stress and coping have similar predictions to Janoff-Bulman's BSB/CSB distinction. [1] Depression occurs when individuals feel that they cannot control the future. The CSB/BSB distinction also corresponds to Dweck's [23] distinction between ability and effort attributions. Effort attributions are when ...
The kindling hypothesis of depression posits that each period of depression in someone with major depressive disorder (MDD) causes neurological changes that predispose the person to future episodes. While the first episode of depression is often triggered by major life events, future episodes are less likely to be tied to circumstantial factors ...
Contextual effects occur as a result of the degree of similarity between the encoding context and the retrieval context of an emotional dimension. The main findings are that the current mood we are in affects what is attended, encoded and ultimately retrieved, as reflected in two similar but subtly different effects: the mood congruence effect ...