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Xanthochromia, from the Greek xanthos (ξανθός) "yellow" and chroma (χρώμα) "colour", is the yellowish appearance of cerebrospinal fluid that occurs several hours after bleeding into the subarachnoid space caused by certain medical conditions, most commonly subarachnoid hemorrhage. [1]
Froin's syndrome – coexistence of xanthochromia, high protein level and marked coagulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). It is caused by meningeal irritation (e.g. during spinal meningitis) and CSF flow blockage by tumour mass or abscess. [1]
[2] [3] Causes of a primary CSF leak are those of trauma including from an accident or intentional injury, or arising from a medical intervention known as iatrogenic. A basilar skull fracture as a cause can give the sign of CSF leakage from the ear, nose or mouth. [4] A lumbar puncture can give the symptom of a post-dural-puncture headache.
One of the common causes of subdural hygroma is a sudden decrease in pressure as a result of placing a ventricular shunt. This can lead to leakage of CSF into the subdural space especially in cases with moderate to severe brain atrophy. In these cases the symptoms such as mild fever, headache, drowsiness and confusion can be seen, which are ...
Traumatic CSF rhinorrhoea is the most common type of CSF rhinorrhoea. [1] It may be due to severe head injury, or from complications from neurosurgery. [1] Spontaneous CSF rhinorrhoea is the most common acquired defect in the skull base bones (anterior cranial fossa) causing spontaneous nasal liquorrhea.
The cause of IVH in premature infants, unlike that in older infants, children or adults, is rarely due to trauma. Instead it is thought to result from changes in perfusion of the delicate cellular structures that are present in the growing brain, augmented by the immaturity of the cerebral circulatory system, which is especially vulnerable to ...
A woman in Nebraska was told her chronic runny nose was allergies, but later learned it was a brain leak. An expert unpacks what that means.
Superficial hemosiderosis of the central nervous system is a disease of the brain resulting from chronic iron deposition in neuronal tissues associated with cerebrospinal fluid. This occurs via the deposition of hemosiderin in neuronal tissue, and is associated with neuronal loss, gliosis , and demyelination of neuronal cells.