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Acne (/ˈækni/ ACK-nee), also known as acne vulgaris, is a long-term skin condition that occurs when dead skin cells and oil from the skin clog hair follicles. [10] Typical features of the condition include blackheads or whiteheads, pimples, oily skin, and possible scarring.
The bottom of the forehead is marked by the supraorbital ridge, the bone feature of the skull above the eyes. The two sides of the forehead are marked by the temporal ridge, a bone feature that links the supraorbital ridge to the coronal suture line and beyond. [1] [2] However, the eyebrows do not form part of the forehead.
This gene codes for a protein necessary for transporting lipids out of cells in the outermost layer of skin. [4] The disorder is autosomal recessive and inherited from parents who are carriers. [4] Diagnosis is often based on appearance at birth and confirmed by genetic testing. [5] Before birth, amniocentesis or ultrasound may support the ...
Some skin products might increase comedones by blocking pores, [2] and greasy hair products (such as pomades) can worsen acne. [3] Skin products that claim to not clog pores may be labeled noncomedogenic or nonacnegenic. [6] Make-up and skin products that are oil-free and water-based may be less likely to cause acne. [6]
The skin weighs an average of four kilograms, covers an area of two square metres, and is made of three distinct layers: the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue. [1] The two main types of human skin are: glabrous skin, the hairless skin on the palms and soles (also referred to as the "palmoplantar" surfaces), and hair-bearing skin. [3]
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Cells of the stratum corneum contain a dense network of keratin, a protein that helps keep the skin hydrated by preventing water evaporation. These cells can also absorb water, further aiding in hydration. In addition, this layer is responsible for the "spring back" or stretchy properties of skin. A weak glutenous protein bond pulls the skin ...
Goose bumps are created when tiny muscles at the base of each hair, known as arrector pili muscles, contract and pull the hair straight up. The reflex is started by the sympathetic nervous system, which is responsible for many fight-or-flight responses. The muscle cells connected to the hair follicle have been visualized by actin ...