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Dental antibiotic prophylaxis is the administration of antibiotics to a dental patient for prevention of harmful consequences of bacteremia, that may be caused by invasion of the oral flora into an injured gingival or peri-apical vessel during dental treatment.
There are many circumstances during dental treatment where antibiotics are prescribed by dentists to prevent further infection (e.g. post-operative infection). The most common antibiotic prescribed by dental practitioners is penicillin in the form of amoxicillin, however many patients are hypersensitive to this particular antibiotic.
Akincibay H, Orsal SO, Sengün D, Tözüm TF (February 2008). "Systemic administration of doxycycline versus metronidazole plus amoxicillin in the treatment of localized aggressive periodontitis: a clinical and microbiologic study". Quintessence Int. 39 (2): e33–9. PMID 18567166. Easing Dental Phobia in Adult .2009-06-18.
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Amoxicillin was discovered in 1958 and came into medical use in 1972. [12] [13] Amoxil was approved for medical use in the United States in 1974, [4] [5] and in the United Kingdom in 1977. [2] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [14] It is one of the most commonly prescribed antibiotics in children. [15]
Antibiotics tend to be extensively used for emergency dental problems. [48] [49] As samples for microbiologic culture and sensitivity are hardly ever carried out in general dental practice, broad-spectrum antibiotics such as amoxicillin are typically used for a short course of about three to seven days. [48]
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In 1986, some European countries banned the use of antibiotics because of research they found that linked antibiotic use in livestock and drug resistant bacteria in humans. [11] The European Union regulated in 2006 against antibiotics for growth promotion purposes. [12] It was estimated in 2014 that over 80% of the world's antibiotic use was on ...