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Any nodule that is 4 cm or larger should be removed with thyroid surgery. Like any tumor or growth elsewhere in the body (face, forehead, forearm, neck, etc.), you cannot let thyroid nodules continue to grow or enlarge forever. There is no reason to let a thyroid nodule continue to enlarge or grow past 4 cm.
However, today more limited surgery to remove only half of the thyroid may be appropriate for some cancerous nodules. Near-total thyroidectomy may be used depending on the extent of the disease.
If a thyroid nodule is causing voice or swallowing problems, your doctor may recommend treating it with surgery to remove all or part of the thyroid gland. If the doctor recommends removal of your thyroid (thyroidectomy), you may not even have to worry about a scar on your neck.
Large, hyperfunctioning, or cancerous nodules are typically treated surgically through removal of part or all of the thyroid gland. Some patients with thyroid cancer have spread of the cancer to nearby lymph nodes, which are also removed.
If a nodule is large or symptomatic, options include surgery to remove it or ablation techniques using radiofrequency or alcohol, which can shrink the nodule. In the case of cancerous thyroid nodules, your cancer care team will discuss a variety of options with you.
Nodules with suspicious features and solid hypoechoic nodules 1 cm or larger require aspiration. The Bethesda System (categories 1 through 6) is used to classify samples. Molecular testing...
Any nodule that is 4 cm or larger should be removed with thyroid surgery. Many patients are told that thyroid nodule removal is not needed if they are not experiencing symptoms and the nodule is benign.
Those classified as high-risk nodules should be biopsied when more than one centimeter in size, whereas low-risk nodules—depending on their appearance on ultrasound—should not be biopsied until they are one and a half to two centimeters in size.
Generally, benign thyroid nodules do not need to be removed unless they are causing symptoms like choking or difficulty swallowing. Follow up ultrasound exams are important. Occasionally, another biopsy may be required in the future, especially if the nodule grows over time.
Abstract. Thyroid nodules (TNs) are prevalent and found in up to 50% of individuals. While most TNs are benign, some can be malignant. The evaluation of TNs is crucial to rule out malignancy and identify those requiring surgical intervention.