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  2. Aerial bombardment and international law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerial_bombardment_and...

    Relying on the Hague Convention of 1907 IV – The Laws and Customs of War on Land and IX – Bombardment by Naval Forces in Time of War, and the Hague Draft Rules of Air Warfare of 1922–1923 the Court drew a distinction between "Targeted Aerial Bombardment" and indiscriminate area bombardment (which the court called "Blind Aerial Bombardment ...

  3. Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hague_Conventions_of_1899...

    History. The Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907 were the first multilateral treaties that addressed the conduct of warfare and were largely based on the Lieber Code, which was signed and issued by US President Abraham Lincoln to the Union Forces of the United States on 24 April 1863, during the American Civil War [citation needed].

  4. Law of war - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_war

    t. e. The law of war is a component of international law that regulates the conditions for initiating war (jus ad bellum) and the conduct of hostilities (jus in bello). Laws of war define sovereignty and nationhood, states and territories, occupation, and other critical terms of law.

  5. International humanitarian law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_humanitarian_law

    International humanitarian law (IHL), also referred to as the laws of armed conflict, is the law that regulates the conduct of war (jus in bello). [1] [2] It is a branch of international law that seeks to limit the effects of armed conflict by protecting persons who are not participating in hostilities and by restricting and regulating the means and methods of warfare available to combatants.

  6. Attacks on parachutists - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attacks_on_parachutists

    After World War I, a series of meetings were held at The Hague in 1922–1923. Based on the testimony of First World War pilots, a commission of jurists attempted to codify this practice with the Hague Rules of Air Warfare, which, like most law of war treaties at the time, was applicable to interstate armed conflict.

  7. False flag - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/False_flag

    The term "false flag" originated in the 16th century as an expression meaning an intentional misrepresentation of someone's allegiance. [1][2] The term was famously used to describe a ruse in naval warfare whereby a vessel flew the flag of a neutral or enemy country in order to hide its true identity. [1][2][3] The tactic was originally used by ...

  8. Hague Rules - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hague_Rules

    t. e. The Hague Rules of 1924 (formally the "International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of Law relating to Bills of Lading, and Protocol of Signature") [1] is an international convention to impose minimum standards upon commercial carriers of goods by sea. Previously, only the common law [2][3][4] provided protection to cargo ...

  9. Carpet bombing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpet_bombing

    The Hague Rules of Air Warfare were developed in 1922/23 to prevent deliberately attacking civilians, yet it was not ratified by any country. [14] At the start of World War II, the Royal Air Force had an initial instruction to abide by the Hague Rules for as long as the enemy did. [15]