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The Edict of Cyrus usually refers to the biblical account of a proclamation by Cyrus the Great, the founding king of the Achaemenid Persian Empire, in 539 BC.It was issued after the Persians conquered the Neo-Babylonian Empire upon the fall of Babylon, and is described in the Tanakh, which claims that it authorized and encouraged the return to Zion and the rebuilding of the Temple in Jerusalem ...
His edict for the rebuilding of the Temple in Jerusalem marked a great epoch in the history of the Jewish people. According to Ezra 4:1–6 , "the enemies of Judah and Benjamin " asked to help build the Second Temple, and when this was denied, they hired counselors to frustrate the Judahites from completing the project throughout the reign of ...
536 BC: Decree by Cyrus to rebuild the temple. [15] 519 BC: Decree by Darius I to finish the temple. [16] 457 BC: Decree by Artaxerxes I of Persia. [17] 444 BC: Decree by Artaxerxes to Nehemiah to finish the wall at Jerusalem. [18] The decree by Artaxerxes empowered Ezra to ordain laws and to set up magistrates and judges for the restored ...
The Neo-Babylonian Empire under the rule of Nebuchadnezzar II occupied the Kingdom of Judah between 597–586 BCE and destroyed the First Temple in Jerusalem. [3] According to the Hebrew Bible, the last king of Judah, Zedekiah, was forced to watch his sons put to death, then his own eyes were put out and he was exiled to Babylon (2 Kings 25).
He besieges Jerusalem in October, but breaks off the siege and withdraws. [171] Battle of Beth Horon: Cestius Gallus's retreating troops are defeated by the Jews. [171] The Jewish faction based in Jerusalem forms a Judean provisional government combining both moderates and pro-war parties. [172] November 66–May 67
The Rebuilding of Jerusalem. In the 20th year of Artaxerxes I (445 or 444 BC), [7] Nehemiah was cup-bearer to the king. [8] Learning that the remnant of Jews in Judah were in distress and that the walls of Jerusalem were broken down, he asked the king for permission to return and rebuild the city, [9] around 13 years after Ezra's arrival in Jerusalem in ca. 458 BC. [10]
Jerusalem becomes City of David and capital of the United Kingdom of Israel. [3] c. 962 BCE: biblical King Solomon builds the First Temple. c. 931–930 BCE: Solomon dies, and the Golden Age of Israel ends. Jerusalem becomes the capital of the (southern) Kingdom of Judah led by Rehoboam after the split of the United Monarchy.
According to the Book of Ezra chapter 2, Zerubbabel returned to Jerusalem in the first wave of liberated exiles under the decree of King Cyrus of Persia in 538 BC. The mention of Zerubbabel in the book of Ezra primarily serves the purpose of describing the return to Judah following the exile from Babylon and the construction of the Second Temple .