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Cobalt poisoning is intoxication caused by excessive levels of cobalt in the body. Cobalt is an essential element for health in animals in minute amounts as a component of vitamin B 12 . A deficiency of cobalt, which is very rare, is also potentially lethal, leading to pernicious anemia .
Many metals, particularly heavy metals are toxic, but some are essential, and some, such as bismuth, have a low toxicity. Metals in an oxidation state abnormal to the body may also become toxic: chromium(III) is an essential trace element, but chromium(VI) is a carcinogen. Only soluble metal-containing compounds are toxic.
Cobalt is also used in the petroleum industry as a catalyst when refining crude oil. This is to purge it of sulfur, which is very polluting when burned and causes acid rain. [11] Cobalt is the active center of a group of coenzymes called cobalamins. Vitamin B 12, the best-known example of the type, is an essential vitamin for all animals.
IARC group 2B substances, mixtures and exposure circumstances are those that have been classified as "possibly carcinogenic to humans" by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as [1] This category is used when there is limited evidence of carcinogenicity in humans and less than sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals.
In diagnostic imaging, heavy metals such as cobalt or tungsten make up the anode materials found in x-ray tubes. [171] In electron microscopy, heavy metals such as lead, gold, palladium, platinum, or uranium have been used in the past to make conductive coatings and to introduce electron density into biological specimens by staining , negative ...
Furthermore, cobalt(II) chloride is suspected of causing cancer (i.e., possibly carcinogenic, IARC Group 2B) as per the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Monographs. [ 22 ] In 2005–06, cobalt chloride was the eighth-most-prevalent allergen in patch tests (8.4%).
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Has no known biological role. Medically, it was used for many years to induce hair loss, but this has ended due to its numerous other toxic effects on human health. [11] Its role, if any, in living things other than humans has been very little explored. It is very toxic and there is evidence that the vapor is both teratogenic and carcinogenic. [66]