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Humeanism refers to the philosophy of David Hume and to the tradition of thought inspired by him. Hume was an influential eighteenth century Scottish philosopher well known for his empirical approach, which he applied to various fields in philosophy.
He also provides a similar polarity between the essentially passive primary imagination, that (spontaneously, reactively) configures sensory experience ("a repetition in the finite mind of the eternal act of creation in the infinite I AM"), and the active secondary imagination that 'dissolves, diffuses and dissipates in order to re-create' via ...
In particular, Hume argues, monotheistic religions tend to be more intolerant and hypocritical, result in greater intellectual absurdities, and foster socially undesirable "monkish virtues", such as mortification, abasement, and passive suffering. [2] Hume concludes the "Natural History" on a note of characteristic skepticism:
Hume accepts that ideas may be either the product of mere sensation or of the imagination working in conjunction with sensation. [5] According to Hume, the creative faculty makes use of (at least) four mental operations that produce imaginings out of sense-impressions.
Hume's introduction presents the idea of placing all science and philosophy on a novel foundation: namely, an empirical investigation into human psychology.He begins by acknowledging "that common prejudice against metaphysical reasonings [i.e., any complicated and difficult argumentation]", a prejudice formed in reaction to "the present imperfect condition of the sciences" (including the ...
The passive intellect (Latin: intellectus possibilis; also translated as potential intellect or material intellect), is a term used in philosophy alongside the notion of the active intellect in order to give an account of the operation of the intellect , in accordance with the theory of hylomorphism, as most famously put forward by Aristotle.
Hume states that the model of rationality that humans use and must use [11] with regard to reasonings concerning matters of fact is not classical logic, but rather some kind of probabilistic logic where we associate a probability to factual statements (indeed, recalling Locke, Hume calls reasoning about matters of fact as merely probable, and ...
David Hume is probably the most influential proponent of skepticism. A fourth theory of perception in opposition to naive realism, enactivism , attempts to find a middle path between direct realist and indirect realist theories, positing that cognition is a process of dynamic interplay between an organism's sensory-motor capabilities and the ...