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Table II-5-1-2 Aircraft approach categories do not change during day-to-day operation. To change an aircraft's category, an aircraft must be re-certified with a different maximum landing mass. [1]: II-5-1-3 Pilots may not use a lower category than the one certified, but may choose to use a higher category for higher speed approaches. [2]
Land speed records by surface Category Speed (km/h) Speed (mph) Vehicle Operator Date Certifier Refs On ice: 335.7: 208.6: Audi RS 6: Janne Laitinen 9 Mar 2013 FIA [19] On the Moon: 18.0: 11.2: Apollo 17 Lunar Roving Vehicle (LRV‑003) Eugene Cernan: 11 Dec 1972 (unofficial) [20] On Mars: 0.18: 0.11: Mars Exploration Rovers Spirit and Opportunity
Many if not all of the tests are accomplished below the normal approach/landing speeds that a code C aircraft will fly; Code C aircraft typically fly an approach speed of up to 140 kt (161 mph or 259 km/h) indicated airspeed (IAS) (aircraft approach speed is mass /pressure altitude/temperature/ centre of gravity/aircraft configuration/ dependent).
A single-engined Cessna 150L's airspeed indicator indicating its V-speeds in knots. In aviation, V-speeds are standard terms used to define airspeeds important or useful to the operation of all aircraft. [1] These speeds are derived from data obtained by aircraft designers and manufacturers during flight testing for aircraft type-certification.
This is a list of aircraft by date and usage. The date shown is the introduction of the first model of a line but not the current model. For instance, while "the most popular" aircraft, such as Boeing 737 and 747 were introduced in 1960x, their recent models were revealed in the 21st century. [1]
References CAB CAB GY-20 Cab two-seat cabin monoplane CAB GY-30 Supercab two-seat cabin monoplane CAMS CAMS 37 single-engine airmail flying boat CAMS 51 twin-engine airmail and passenger flying boat CAMS 53 twin-engine airmail and passenger flying boat CAMS 56 twin-engine airmail and passenger flying boat CAMS 58 twin-engine airmail and passenger flying boat CAMS 161 four-engine airliner ...
The following reference sources, among many others, have been used to compile this list: Cheesman, E. F., ed. (1960). Fighter Aircraft of the 1914–1918 War.
An aircraft category is defined by the International Civil Aviation Organization as a "classification of aircraft according to specified basic characteristics", for the purpose of personnel licensing. Examples of aircraft categories include aeroplanes, helicopters, gliders, or free balloons.