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Many flatbreads are unleavened—made without yeast—although some are slightly leavened, such as pita bread. Muffin – an individual-sized, baked quick bread product. American muffins are similar to cupcakes in size and cooking methods, and the English muffin is a type of yeast-leavened bread. Muffins may also classify as cakes with their ...
A pastry aromatised with vanilla or rum extract/essence, as well as lemon rind, and stuffed with Turkish delight, jam, chocolate, cinnamon sugar, walnuts, and/or raisins. Cream horn: A pastry made with flaky or puff pastry, filled with fruit or jam and whipped cream. The horn shape is made by winding overlapping pastry strips around a conical mold.
In baking, a crust is the outer, hard skin of bread or the shell of a pie. Generally, it is made up of at least shortening or another fat, water, flour, and salt. [1] It may also include milk, sugar, or other ingredients that contribute to the taste or texture. An egg or milk wash can be used to decorate the outside, as well as coarse sugar.
Pastry refers to a variety of doughs (often enriched with fat or eggs), as well as the sweet and savoury baked goods made from them. [1] [2] [3] The dough may be accordingly called pastry dough for clarity. [4] Sweetened pastries are often described as bakers' confectionery. Common pastry dishes include pies, tarts, quiches, croissants, and ...
In French, the word pâtisserie also denotes a pastry as well as pastry-making. While the making and selling of pastries may often be only one part of the activity of a bakery , [ a ] in some countries pâtisserie or its equivalents are legally controlled titles which may only be used by bakeries that employ a licensed "master pastry chef ...
In a recipe, the baker's percentage for water is referred to as the "hydration"; it is indicative of the stickiness of the dough and the "crumb" of the bread. Lower hydration rates (e.g., 50–57%) are typical for bagels and pretzels , and medium hydration levels (58–65%) are typical for breads and rolls . [ 25 ]
The Chorleywood bread process (CBP) is a method of efficient dough production to make yeasted bread quickly, producing a soft, fluffy loaf. Compared to traditional bread-making processes, CBP uses more yeast, added fats, chemicals, and high-speed mixing to allow the dough to be made with lower-protein wheat, and produces bread in a shorter time.
Kaplan, Steven Laurence: Good Bread Is Back: A Contemporary History of French Bread, the Way It Is Made, and the People Who Make It. Durham/ London: Duke University Press, 2006. ISBN 978-0-8223-3833-8; Jacob, Heinrich Eduard: Six Thousand Years of Bread: Its Holy and Unholy History. Garden City / New York: Doubleday, Doran and Comp., 1944.