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  2. Orthodontic indices - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthodontic_indices

    Angle classification: Class II Division 1 Angle classification: Class II Division 2 Angle classification: Class III. Angle's Classification is devised in 1899 by father of Orthodontic, Dr Edward Angle to describe the classes of malocclusion, widely accepted and widely used since it was published.

  3. Malocclusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malocclusion

    Class II: The lower incisor edges lie posterior to the cingulum plateau of the upper incisors Division 1 – the upper central incisors are proclined or of average inclination and there is an increase in overjet; Division 2 – The upper central incisors are retroclined. The overjet is usually minimal or may be increased.

  4. Activator appliance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Activator_appliance

    In addition, an adolescent or adult patient with retrognathic mandible, well aligned maxillary and mandibular dentition were also other indications of this appliance. Some of the malocclusions that can be treated with this appliance included Class II Division I, Class II Division II, Class III and Open Bites. [3]

  5. Orthodontics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthodontics

    The approximate worldwide prevalence of malocclusion was as high as 56%. [3] However, conclusive scientific evidence for the health benefits of orthodontic treatment is lacking, although patients with completed treatment have reported a higher quality of life than that of untreated patients undergoing orthodontic treatment.

  6. Frankel appliance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankel_appliance

    This appliance had Type A, B and C. The difference between A and B was the lower lingual loops in one and lower lingual shield in another. This was mainly used for Class 1 and Class 2 Division 1 malocclusion. Acrylic Components. Buccal Shield - They were about 2.5mm thick and their goal was to expand the soft tissue capsule in the back.

  7. Orthognathic surgery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthognathic_surgery

    Orthognathic surgery (/ ˌ ɔːr θ ə ɡ ˈ n æ θ ɪ k /), also known as corrective jaw surgery or simply jaw surgery, is surgery designed to correct conditions of the jaw and lower face related to structure, growth, airway issues including sleep apnea, TMJ disorders, malocclusion problems primarily arising from skeletal disharmonies, and other orthodontic dental bite problems that cannot ...

  8. Open bite malocclusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_bite_malocclusion

    Open bite is a type of orthodontic malocclusion which has been estimated to occur in 0.6% of the people in the United States. This type of malocclusion has no vertical overlap or contact between the anterior incisors. [1] The term "open bite" was coined by Carevelli in 1842 as a distinct classification of malocclusion.

  9. Crossbite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossbite

    In dentistry, crossbite is a form of malocclusion where a tooth (or teeth) has a more buccal or lingual position (that is, the tooth is either closer to the cheek or to the tongue) than its corresponding antagonist tooth in the upper or lower dental arch. In other words, crossbite is a lateral misalignment of the dental arches. [1] [2]