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Bryophyte. Bryophytes ( / ˈbraɪ.əˌfaɪts /) [ 1] are a group of land plants, sometimes treated as a taxonomic division, that contains three groups of non-vascular land plants (embryophytes): the liverworts, hornworts, and mosses. [ 2] In the strict sense, the division Bryophyta consists of the mosses only.
Mosses are small, non-vascular flowerless plants in the taxonomic division Bryophyta ( / braɪˈɒfətə /, [ 3] / ˌbraɪ.əˈfaɪtə /) sensu stricto. Bryophyta ( sensu lato, Schimp. 1879 [ 4]) may also refer to the parent group bryophytes, which comprise liverworts, mosses, and hornworts. [ 5] Mosses typically form dense green clumps or mats ...
The Bryopsida constitute the largest class of mosses, containing 95% of all moss species.It consists of approximately 11,500 species, common throughout the whole world. The group is distinguished by having spore capsules with teeth that are arthrodontous; the teeth are separate from each other and jointed at the base where they attach to the opening of the capsule.
Non-vascular plants are plants without a vascular system consisting of xylem and phloem. Instead, they may possess simpler tissues that have specialized functions for the internal transport of water. [citation needed] Non-vascular plants include two distantly related groups: treat as three separate land-plant divisions, namely: Bryophyta ...
Metaphyta Whittaker, 1969[ 10] Plantae Margulis, 1971[ 11] The embryophytes ( / ˈɛmbriəˌfaɪts /) are a clade of plants, also known as Embryophyta ( / ˌɛmbriˈɒfətə, - oʊˈfaɪtə /) or land plants. They are the most familiar group of photoautotrophs that make up the vegetation on Earth 's dry lands and wetlands.
Polytrichum commune is a medium to large moss. It is dark green in colour, but becomes brownish with age. The stems can occur in either loose or quite dense tufts, often forming extensive colonies. The stems are most typically found at lengths of 5 to 10 cm, but can be as short as 2 cm or as long as 70 cm. They range in stiffness from erect to ...
Hornworts were traditionally considered a class within the division Bryophyta . Later on, the bryophytes were considered paraphyletic, and hence the hornworts were given their own division, Anthocerotophyta (sometimes misspelled Anthocerophyta).
Protonema. A protonema (plural: protonemata) is a thread-like chain of cells that forms the earliest stage of development of the gametophyte (the haploid phase) in the life cycle of mosses. When a moss first grows from a spore, it starts as a germ tube, which lengthens and branches into a filamentous complex known as a protonema, which develops ...