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2–30% [ 7 ] Constipation is a bowel dysfunction that makes bowel movements infrequent or hard to pass. [ 2 ] The stool is often hard and dry. [ 4 ] Other symptoms may include abdominal pain, bloating, and feeling as if one has not completely passed the bowel movement. [ 3 ]
Specialty. Gastroenterology. Neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD) is the inability to control defecation due to a deterioration of or injury to the nervous system, resulting in faecal incontinence or constipation. [1] It is common in people with spinal cord injury (SCI), multiple sclerosis (MS) or spina bifida. [2]
Functional constipation, also known as chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC), is defined by less than three bowel movements per week, hard stools, severe straining, the sensation of anorectal blockage, the feeling of incomplete evacuation, and the need for manual maneuvers during feces, without organic abnormalities.
Affects >40% with cirrhosis [7] Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is an altered level of consciousness as a result of liver failure. [2] Its onset may be gradual or sudden. [2] Other symptoms may include movement problems, changes in mood, or changes in personality. [2] In the advanced stages it can result in a coma.
Intestinal pseudo-obstruction (IPO) is a clinical syndrome caused by severe impairment in the ability of the intestines to push food through. It is characterized by the signs and symptoms of intestinal obstruction without any lesion in the intestinal lumen. [1] Clinical features mimic those seen with mechanical intestinal obstructions and can ...
Functional abdominal pain syndrome is characterized by frequent or chronic stomach pain and a reduction in everyday activity. [2] The pain is persistent, near-constant, or regularly reoccurring. The pain is not related to food intake or defecation. [1] Functional abdominal pain is usually periumbilical and is not accompanied by weight loss ...
Chronic: 1 per 100,000 [5] Intestinal ischemia is a medical condition in which injury to the large or small intestine occurs due to not enough blood supply. [2] It can come on suddenly, known as acute intestinal ischemia, or gradually, known as chronic intestinal ischemia. [1] The acute form of the disease often presents with sudden severe ...
The most frequent reasons for abdominal pain are gastroenteritis (13%), irritable bowel syndrome (8%), urinary tract problems (5%), inflammation of the stomach (5%) and constipation (5%). In about 30% of cases, the cause is not determined. About 10% of cases have a more serious cause including gallbladder (gallstones or biliary dyskinesia) or ...