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Figured bass is musical notation in which numerals and symbols appear above or below (or next to) a bass note. The numerals and symbols (often accidentals) indicate intervals, chords, and non-chord tones that a musician playing piano, harpsichord, organ, or lute (or other instruments capable of playing chords) should play in relation to the ...
There may be any number of beats in a measure but the most common by far are multiples of 2 and/or 3 (i.e., 2, 3, 4, and 6). Likewise, any note length can be used to represent a beat, but a quarter note (indicated by a bottom number of "4") or eighth note (bottom number of "8") are by far the most common.
Piano key frequencies. This is a list of the fundamental frequencies in hertz (cycles per second) of the keys of a modern 88-key standard or 108-key extended piano in twelve-tone equal temperament, with the 49th key, the fifth A (called A 4 ), tuned to 440 Hz (referred to as A440 ). [ 1][ 2] Every octave is made of twelve steps called semitones.
Five strings usually tuned B 0 –E 1 –A 1 –D 2 –G 2, providing extended lower range. The earliest commercial five-string bass was created by Fender in 1965. The Fender Bass V used the E–A–D–G–C tuning, but was unpopular and discontinued in 1970. This tenor tuning is still used by some jazz and soloing bassists.
The strings of a piano vary in diameter, and therefore in mass per length, with lower strings thicker than upper. A typical range is from .240 inches (6.1 mm) for the lowest bass strings [1] to .031 inches (0.79 mm), string size 13, for the highest treble strings. These differences in string thickness follow from well-understood acoustic ...
The Nashville Number System is a method of transcribing music by denoting the scale degree on which a chord is built. It was developed by Neal Matthews Jr in the late 1950s as a simplified system for the Jordanaires to use in the studio and further developed by Charlie McCoy. [ 1] It resembles the Roman numeral [ 2] and figured bass systems ...
The shorthand for the instrumentation of a symphony orchestra (and other similar ensembles) is used to outline which and how many instruments, especially wind instruments, are called for in a given piece of music. The shorthand is ordered in the same fashion as the parts of the individual instruments in the score (when read from top to bottom).
In practical applications, such as with double bass strings or bass piano strings, extra weight is added to strings by winding them with metal. A string with a heavier metal winding produces a lower pitch than a string of equal length without a metal winding. This can be seen on a 2016-era set of gut strings for double bass.
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