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  2. Denotation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denotation

    In natural language semantics, denotations are conceived of as the outputs of the semantic component of the grammar.For example, the denotation of the word "blue" is the property of being blue and the denotation of the word "Barack Obama" is the person who goes by that name.

  3. Literal and figurative language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../Literal_and_figurative_language

    Linguistics. Literal and figurative language is a distinction that exists in all natural languages; it is studied within certain areas of language analysis, in particular stylistics, rhetoric, and semantics. Literal language uses words exactly according to their direct, straightforward, or conventionally accepted meanings: their denotation.

  4. Deep structure and surface structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_structure_and_surface...

    Deep structure and surface structure (also D-structure and S-structure although those abbreviated forms are sometimes used with distinct meanings) are concepts used in linguistics, specifically in the study of syntax in the Chomskyan tradition of transformational generative grammar . The deep structure of a linguistic expression is a ...

  5. Loaded language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loaded_language

    Loaded language[ a] is rhetoric used to influence an audience by using words and phrases with strong connotations. This type of language is very often made vague to more effectively invoke an emotional response and/or exploit stereotypes. [ 1][ 2][ 3] Loaded words and phrases have significant emotional implications and involve strongly positive ...

  6. Glossary of rhetorical terms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_rhetorical_terms

    Elocutio – the stage of elaborating the wording of a text, using correct grammar and diction. Enallage – the switching of grammatical forms for an expressive purpose. Enthymeme – a type of argument that is grounded in assumed commonalities between a rhetor and the audience. (For example: Claim 1: Bob is a person. Therefore, Claim 3: Bob ...

  7. Connotation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connotation

    Connotation. A connotation is a commonly understood cultural or emotional association that any given word or phrase carries, in addition to its explicit or literal meaning, which is its denotation . A connotation is frequently described as either positive or negative, with regard to its pleasing or displeasing emotional connection. [ 1]

  8. Connotation (semiotics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connotation_(semiotics)

    In semiotics, connotation arises when the denotative relationship between a signifier and its signified is inadequate to serve the needs of the community. A second level of meanings is termed connotative. These meanings are not objective representations of the thing, but new usages produced by the language group.

  9. Traditional grammar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_grammar

    Traditional grammar (also known as classical grammar) is a framework for the description of the structure of a language. [ 1] The roots of traditional grammar are in the work of classical Greek and Latin philologists. [ 2] The formal study of grammar based on these models became popular during the Renaissance. [ 3]