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In computer science, a parallel algorithm, as opposed to a traditional serial algorithm, is an algorithm which can do multiple operations in a given time. It has been a tradition of computer science to describe serial algorithms in abstract machine models, often the one known as random-access machine .
The list ranking problem was posed by Wyllie (1979), who solved it with a parallel algorithm using logarithmic time and O(n log n) total steps (that is, O(n) processors).). Over a sequence of many subsequent papers, this was eventually improved to linearly many steps (O(n/log n) processors), on the most restrictive model of synchronous shared-memory parallel computation, the exclusive read ...
An algorithm that exhibits linear speedup is said to be scalable. [6] Analytical expressions for the speedup of many important parallel algorithms are presented in this book. [10] Efficiency is the speedup per processor, S p / p. [6] Parallelism is the ratio T 1 / T ∞. It represents the maximum possible speedup on any number of processors.
ISO/IEC 8652 Information technology — Programming languages — Ada [1] is the international standard for the computer programming language Ada.It was produced by the Ada Working Group, ISO/IEC JTC1/SC22/WG 9, of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).
Unlike most ISO standards, the Ada language definition (known as the Ada Reference Manual or ARM, or sometimes the Language Reference Manual or LRM) is free content. Thus, it is a common reference for Ada programmers, not only programmers implementing Ada compilers.
File:Ada Programming Keywords.pdf, File:Ada Programming Operators.pdf Licensing Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License , Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation ; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back ...
"Embarrassingly" is used here to refer to parallelization problems which are "embarrassingly easy". [4] The term may imply embarrassment on the part of developers or compilers: "Because so many important problems remain unsolved mainly due to their intrinsic computational complexity, it would be embarrassing not to develop parallel implementations of polynomial homotopy continuation methods."
Many parallel programs require that their subtasks act in synchrony. This requires the use of a barrier. Barriers are typically implemented using a lock or a semaphore. [27] One class of algorithms, known as lock-free and wait-free algorithms, altogether avoids the use of locks and barriers. However, this approach is generally difficult to ...