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The sensory input from the quadriceps also activates local interneurons that release the inhibitory neurotransmitter glycine onto motor neurons of antagonist muscles, blocking their stimulation (in this case the hamstring muscles). The relaxation of the opposing muscle facilitates (by not opposing) the extension of the lower leg.
Information coming from the sensory neurons in the head enters the central nervous system (CNS) through cranial nerves. Information from the sensory neurons below the head enters the spinal cord and passes towards the brain through the 31 spinal nerves. [26] The sensory information traveling through the spinal cord follows well-defined pathways.
The next simplest reflex arc is a three-element chain, beginning with sensory neurons, which activate interneurons inside of the spinal cord, which then activate motor neurons. Some reflex responses, such as withdrawing the hand after touching a hot surface, are protective, but others, such as the patellar reflex ("knee jerk") activated by ...
Axons from upper motor neurons synapse onto interneurons in the spinal cord and occasionally directly onto lower motor neurons. [3] The axons from the lower motor neurons are efferent nerve fibers that carry signals from the spinal cord to the effectors. [4] Types of lower motor neurons are alpha motor neurons, beta motor neurons, and gamma ...
Afferent neurons are pseudounipolar neurons that have a single process leaving the cell body dividing into two branches: the long one towards the sensory organ, and the short one toward the central nervous system (e.g. spinal cord). These cells do have sensory afferent dendrites, similar to those typically inherent in neurons. [1]
The sensory nervous system is a part of the nervous system responsible for processing sensory information. A sensory system consists of sensory neurons (including the sensory receptor cells), neural pathways , and parts of the brain involved in sensory perception and interoception .
Interneurons are the central nodes of neural circuits, enabling communication between sensory or motor neurons and the central nervous system (CNS). [2] They play vital roles in reflexes, neuronal oscillations, [3] and neurogenesis in the adult mammalian brain. [citation needed] Interneurons can be further broken down into two groups: local ...
Sensory neurons are found in the back (dorsal) horns of the spinal cord's grey matter. They carry sensory information such as touch, pressure, and pain from the body to the spinal cord and brain. They carry sensory information such as touch, pressure, and pain from the body to the spinal cord and brain.