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It is also seen in children, but this is rare. The tumors grow from cells that surround the optic nerve, and as the tumor grows, it compresses the optic nerve. This causes loss of vision in the affected eye. [1] Rarely, it may affect both eyes at the same time. [2] It is typically a slow growing tumor, and has never been reported to cause death.
A brainstem glioma is a cancerous glioma tumor in the brainstem. Around 75% are diagnosed in children and young adults under the age of twenty, but have been known to affect older adults as well. [1] Brainstem gliomas start in the brain or spinal cord tissue and typically spread throughout the nervous system. [2]
Optic gliomas are usually pilocytic tumors, and can involve the optic nerve or optic chiasm. [3] Optic gliomas are usually associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 in 30% of people with the condition. [3] Optic nerve gliomas have low mortality but extremely high prevalence of vision loss and eye-bulging exophthalmos) in children. [4]
Total resection of the tumour, followed by radiation therapy is the standard treatment modality. [3] Medulloepithelioma of the ciliary body may necessitate enucleation of the eye. [13] [14] Radiation therapy alone may prolong survival. [3] Aggressive chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow transplant is used for metastatic medulloepitheliomas. [6]
The symptoms of brain stem tumors vary greatly and can include ataxia, cranial nerve palsy, headaches, problems with speech and swallowing, hearing loss, weakness, hemiparesis, vision abnormalities, ptosis, and behavioral changes. Another possible symptom is vomiting.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 10 January 2025. Neoplasm in the brain Medical condition Brain tumor Other names Intracranial neoplasm, brain tumour, brain cancer Brain metastasis in the right cerebral hemisphere from lung cancer, shown on magnetic resonance imaging Specialty Neurosurgery, neuro-oncology Symptoms Vary depending on the ...
An optic nerve melanocytoma is a tumor made up of melanocytes and melanin. Melanocytomas are typically a benign meaning they can grow, but rarely transform into a malignancy. Even so, local growth can affect adjacent tissues. Most optic nerve melanocytomas are small, black, and do not grow.
Diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered (DMG) is a fatal tumour that arises in midline structures of the brain, most commonly the brainstem, thalamus and spinal cord.When located in the pons it is also known as diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG).
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