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After implementing design changes to the bone-facing endplate, and after a clinical study in the United States, the new design was made available worldwide. In October 2001, as part of the FDA trial, Jack Zigler , M.D., a spine surgeon at Texas Back Institute in Plano, Texas, performed the first prodisc L artificial disc replacement in the ...
Bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP) should not be routinely used in any type of anterior cervical spine fusion, such as with anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. [2] [3] There are reports of this therapy causing swelling of soft tissue which in turn can cause life-threatening complications due to difficulty swallowing and pressure on the respiratory tract.
Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: A procedure that reaches the cervical spine (neck) through a small incision in the front of the neck. The intervertebral disc is removed and replaced with a small plug of bone or other graft substitute, along with a height restoration device to un-impinge nerves, and in time, the vertebrae will fuse ...
A discectomy (also called open discectomy, if done through a 1/2 inch or larger skin opening) is the surgical removal of abnormal disc material that presses on a nerve root or the spinal cord. The procedure involves removing a portion of an intervertebral disc , which causes pain, weakness or numbness by stressing the spinal cord or radiating ...
Medical history (the patient tells the doctor about an injury). For shoulder problems the medical history includes the patient's age, dominant hand, if injury affects normal work/activities as well as details on the actual shoulder problem including acute versus chronic and the presence of shoulder catching, instability, locking, pain, paresthesias (burning sensation), stiffness, swelling, and ...
Kehr's sign is a classic example of referred pain: irritation of the diaphragm is signaled by the phrenic nerve as pain in the area above the collarbone. This is because the supraclavicular nerves have the same cervical nerves origin as the phrenic nerve, C3, C4, and C5.
Failed back syndrome (abbreviated as FBS) is a condition characterized by chronic pain following back surgeries. [1] [2] The term "post-laminectomy syndrome" is sometimes used by doctors to indicate the same condition as failed back syndrome. [3]
A cerebrospinal fluid leak can be a rare complication of an anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. One study suggested a CSF leak to follow from 0.5% of operations. [40] Another study suggests a CSF leak to follow from 1% of operations. In most of these cases repair is successful. [41]
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