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The regulatory T cells (Tregs / ˈ t iː r ɛ ɡ / or T reg cells), formerly known as suppressor T cells, are a subpopulation of T cells that modulate the immune system, maintain tolerance to self-antigens, and prevent autoimmune disease. T reg cells are immunosuppressive and generally suppress or downregulate induction and proliferation of ...
Suppressor-inducer T cells are a specific subset of CD4 + T helper cells that "induce" CD8 + cytotoxic T cells to become "suppressor" cells. [1] Suppressor T cells are also known as CD25 + – Foxp3 + regulatory T cells (nTregs), and reduce inflammation .
2. Alteration of regulatory T cell activity: Suppressing regulatory T cell activity following injury can allow a more robust autoimmune response to take place. For therapeutic purpose, the mere removal of regulatory T cells is, again, highly problematic because it increases the risk of inducing autoimmune diseases.
T cells are one of the important types of white blood cells of the immune system and play a central role in the adaptive immune response. T cells can be distinguished from other lymphocytes by the presence of a T-cell receptor (TCR) on their cell surface. T cells are born from hematopoietic stem cells, [1] found in the bone marrow.
Gershon and Kondo discovered that T cells can not only amplify but also diminish immune responses. [5] The T cell population causing this down-regulation was called suppressor T cells and was intensively studied for the following years (nowadays they are called regulatory T cells and are again a very attractive for research). [6]
Immunosuppression is a reduction of the activation or efficacy of the immune system.Some portions of the immune system itself have immunosuppressive effects on other parts of the immune system, and immunosuppression may occur as an adverse reaction to treatment of other conditions.
The differentiated regulatory T cells subsequently migrate to the lamina propria, where they multiply. CX3CR1+ macrophages present in this environment secrete IL-10, which is required for the expansion of the regulatory T cell population. [35] In the lamina propria the regulatory T cell population creates a tolerogenic environment to food antigens.
Antigen presentation stimulates T cells to become either "cytotoxic" CD8+ cells or "helper" CD4+ cells.. A cytotoxic T cell (also known as T C, cytotoxic T lymphocyte, CTL, T-killer cell, cytolytic T cell, CD8 + T-cell or killer T cell) is a T lymphocyte (a type of white blood cell) that kills cancer cells, cells that are infected by intracellular pathogens such as viruses or bacteria, or ...