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In 1973, M. J. D. White, then at the end of a long career investigating karyotypes, gave an interesting summary of the distribution of chromosome polymorphism. "It is extremely difficult to get an adequate idea as to what fraction of the species of eukaryote organisms actually are polymorphic for structural rearrangements of the chromosomes.
In biology, polymorphism [1] is the occurrence of two or more clearly different morphs or forms, also referred to as alternative phenotypes, in the population of a species. To be classified as such, morphs must occupy the same habitat at the same time and belong to a panmictic population (one with random mating).
Polymorphism is a general concept in biology where more than one version of a trait is present in a population. In some cases of differing counts, the difference in chromosome counts is the result of a single chromosome undergoing fission , where it splits into two smaller chromosomes, or two undergoing fusion, where two chromosomes join to ...
Polymorphisms can be identified in the laboratory using a variety of methods. Many methods employ PCR to amplify the sequence of a gene. Once amplified, polymorphisms and mutations in the sequence can be detected by DNA sequencing, either directly or after screening for variation with a method such as single strand conformation polymorphism analysis.
Examples of such traits include flowering time, drought tolerance, polymorphism, mimicry, and avoidance of attacks by predators. [2] [citation needed] Research usually involves a mixture of field and laboratory studies. [3] Samples of natural populations may be taken back to the laboratory for their genetic variation to be analyzed.
In genetics and bioinformatics, a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP / s n ɪ p /; plural SNPs / s n ɪ p s /) is a germline substitution of a single nucleotide at a specific position in the genome. Although certain definitions require the substitution to be present in a sufficiently large fraction of the population (e.g. 1% or more), [ 1 ...
Pages in category "Polymorphism (biology)" The following 17 pages are in this category, out of 17 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. ...
Polymorphism are maintained in populations of species by natural selection. [19] [20] In fact, Begon, Townsend, and Harper assert that. There is not always clear distinction between local ecotypes and genetic polymorphisms. The notions "form" and "ecotype" may appear to correspond to a static phenomenon, however; this is not always the case. [21]