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Pencak silat (Indonesian pronunciation: [ˈpənt͡ʃaʔ ˈsilat]; in Western writings sometimes spelled "pentjak silat" or phonetically as "penchak silat") is an umbrella term for a class of related Indonesian martial arts.
Pencak silat is a compound of the two most commonly used words for martial arts in Indonesia. Pencak was the term used in central and east Java, while silat was used in Sumatra and Borneo. In modern usage, pencak and silat are seen as being two aspects of the same practice. Pencak is the essence of training, the outward aspect of the art.
Similar to the Chinese dichotomy between the spear and broadsword, the kaoliam in silat acts as the counter to the golok. A related weapon is the angkusa or elephant-goad measuring 2–3 ft (0.61–0.91 m) long with a tip of steel or bronze.
An Arbir is an Indonesian weapon, [1] a halberd, approximately 5 ft (1.5 m) long.. The staff has a shallow groove running along its length marking the plane of the blade, allowing the user to determine exactly where the cutting edge is at all times.
The term pencak silat has been adopted globally in reference to professional competitive silat for sport, similar to the Chinese word wushu. Regional dialect names include penca ( West Java ), dika or padik (Thailand), silek (the Minangkabau pronunciation of silat), main-po or maen po (in the lower speech of Sundanese ), and gayong or gayung ...
It may describe a mid-air kick in which both legs are swung or kicked out in different directions to strike two opponents simultaneously or in rapid succession. This is particularly common in some schools of Taekwondo, Vovinam, and some Chinese martial arts, also in Silat and Pencak Silat where it is referred to as Gunting (in Malay language).
Silat is a generic name for the martial arts of certain countries in Southeast Asia. There is untold number of Silat systems in Maritime Southeast Asia , with there being over 150 styles recognized styles of pencak silat in Indonesia, [ 1 ] and more in aboard.
Generally, Beksi Silat schools teach 12 basic forms or moves (Betawi: jurus), each of which has its own advanced forms (Betawi: kembangan). [1] [4] According to four grandmasters of Beksi schools in Petukangan, although there are differences in names and sequences, most schools teach at least 3 basic forms with the same names and sequences, namely: 1.