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In electronics and optics, intrinsic properties of devices (or systems of devices) are generally those that are free from the influence of various types of non-essential defects. [3] Such defects may arise as a consequence of design imperfections, manufacturing errors, or operational extremes and can produce distinctive and often undesirable ...
Thermodynamic properties and their characteristics Property Symbol Units Extensive? Intensive? Conjugate Potential? Activity: a – Chemical potential: μ i: kJ/mol Particle number N i: Compressibility (adiabatic) β S, κ: Pa −1: Compressibility (isothermal) β T, κ: Pa −1: Cryoscopic constant [1] K f: K·kg/mol Density: ρ: kg/m 3 ...
Examples of intensive properties include temperature, T; refractive index, n; density, ρ; and hardness, η. By contrast, an extensive property or extensive quantity is one whose magnitude is additive for subsystems. [4] Examples include mass, volume and entropy. [5] Not all properties of matter fall into these two categories.
A thermodynamic potential (or more accurately, a thermodynamic potential energy) [1] [2] is a scalar quantity used to represent the thermodynamic state of a system.Just as in mechanics, where potential energy is defined as capacity to do work, similarly different potentials have different meanings.
The internal energy depends only on the internal state of the system and not on the particular choice from many possible processes by which energy may pass into or out of the system. It is a state variable, a thermodynamic potential, and an extensive property. [5] Thermodynamics defines internal energy macroscopically, for the body as a whole.
A material property is an intensive property of a material, i.e., a physical property or chemical property that does not depend on the amount of the material. These quantitative properties may be used as a metric by which the benefits of one material versus another can be compared, thereby aiding in materials selection.
One of the unique intrinsic properties of wurtzite AlN is ... at 300 K are 4.2×10 −6 K −1 along a-axis and 5.3×10 −6 K ... of Chemistry and Physics ...
The mass action law defines a quantity called the intrinsic carrier concentration, which for undoped materials: n i = n 0 = p 0 {\displaystyle n_{i}=n_{0}=p_{0}} The following table lists a few values of the intrinsic carrier concentration for intrinsic semiconductors , in order of increasing band gap.