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Arduino (/ ɑː r ˈ d w iː n oʊ /) is an Italian open-source hardware and software company, project, and user community that designs and manufactures single-board microcontrollers and microcontroller kits for building digital devices.
The Arduino Uno is an open-source microcontroller board based on the Microchip ATmega328P microcontroller (MCU) and developed by Arduino.cc and initially released in 2010. [2] [3] The microcontroller board is equipped with sets of digital and analog input/output (I/O) pins that may be interfaced to various expansion boards (shields) and other circuits. [1]
This is a non-exhaustive list of Arduino boards and compatible systems. It lists boards in these categories: Released under the official Arduino name; Arduino "shield" compatible; Development-environment compatible; Based on non-Atmel processors; Where different from the Arduino base feature set, compatibility, features, and licensing details ...
Arduino USB v2.0 Changed: USB replaces RS-232 interface, Improved: Arduino can be powered from host Arduino Extreme [45] Arduino Yes ATmega8 [44] 16 MHz Arduino 3.2 in × 2.1 in [ 81.3 mm × 53.3 mm ] USB The Arduino Extreme uses many more surface mount components than previous USB Arduino boards and comes with female pin headers. [45]
For example, Schmitt-trigger inputs, high-current output drivers, optical isolators, or combinations of these, may be used to buffer and condition the GPIO signals and to protect board circuitry. Also, higher-level functions are sometimes implemented, such as input debounce, input signal edge detection, and pulse-width modulation (PWM) output.
The Make Controller Kit with an Atmel AT91SAM7X256 microcontroller.. A single-board microcontroller is a microcontroller built onto a single printed circuit board.This board provides all of the circuitry necessary for a useful control task: a microprocessor, I/O circuits, a clock generator, RAM, stored program memory and any necessary support ICs.
The Arduino Nano is an open-source breadboard-friendly microcontroller board based on the Microchip ATmega328P microcontroller (MCU) and developed by Arduino.cc and initially released in 2008. It offers the same connectivity and specs of the Arduino Uno board in a smaller form factor.
For example, a general-purpose processor might require several instructions to test a bit in a register and branch if the bit is set, where a microcontroller could have a single instruction to provide that commonly required function.