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The comma-free approach is often used with partial quotations: The report observed "a 45% reduction in transmission rate". A comma is required when it would be present in the same construction if none of the material were a quotation: In Margaret Mead's view, "we must recognize the whole gamut of human potentialities" to enrich our culture.
If you have three points in a sentence, and only the first point is sourced to that particular reference, the footnote should come after that point, but if the footnote is for the whole sentence, it should be placed at the end, after the punctuation. Footnotes come after punctuation, unlike Harvard references which are usually placed before ...
Footnote reference numbers ("cues") in the body text of a page should be placed at the end of a sentence if possible, after the final punctuation. This minimizes the interruption of the flow of reading and allows the reader to absorb a complete sentence-idea before having their attention redirected to the content of the note. [5]
The serial comma (for example the comma before and in "ham, chips, and eggs") is optional; be sensitive to possible ambiguity arising from thoughtless use or thoughtless avoidance, and be consistent within a given article. Avoid comma splices. Picture captions should not end in a full stop (a period) unless they are complete sentences.
Place a full stop (a period) or a comma before a closing quotation mark if it belongs as part of the quoted material; otherwise put it after: The word carefree means "happy". But: She said, "I'm feeling carefree. " (Please do so irrespective of any rules associated with the variety of English in use.) read more ...
The Oxford comma is the comma used before the final conjunction in a list of three or more items. When writing a list, of course, you'll include commas to separate items and show individuality.
That is, you might write a Harvard ref before a period, as in: Wikipedia is a great website (SlimVirgin 2006). But you wouldn't place a footnote before the period, as in: "Wikipedia is a great website [5]. Footnotes always (including in neuropsychology journals, surely) go after punctuation. SlimVirgin (talk) 07:09, 7 July 2006 (UTC)
United Nations Editorial Manual Online: "When there are punctuation marks (e.g. a comma, colon or period) at the point where the footnote indicator should be inserted, the indicator is placed after the punctuation in English but before the punctuation in French and Spanish."
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