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The classic example is the children's toy made by connecting the bottoms of two paper cups, metal cans, or plastic bottles with tautly held string. [1] [2] Some of the earliest known experiments were conducted by the British physicist and polymath, Robert Hooke, from 1664 to 1685.
1 July 1881: The world's first international telephone call is made between St. Stephen, New Brunswick, Canada, and Calais, Maine, United States. [22] 11 October 1881: The Sydney telephone exchange opened with 12 subscribers. 1882: A telephone company—an American Bell Telephone Company affiliate—is set up in Mexico City.
Because of illness and other commitments, Bell made little or no telephone improvements or experiments for eight months until after his U.S. patent 174,465 was published., [26] but within a year the first telephone exchange was built in Connecticut and the Bell Telephone Company was created in 1877, with Bell the owner of a third of the shares ...
The telephone played a major communications role in American history from the 1876 publication of its first patent by Alexander Graham Bell onward. In the 20th century the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T) dominated the telecommunication market as the at times largest company in the world, until it was broken up in 1982 and replaced by a system of competitors.
The electric telephone was invented in the 1870s, based on earlier work with harmonic (multi-signal) telegraphs. The first commercial telephone services were set up in 1878 and 1879 on both sides of the Atlantic in the cities of New Haven, Connecticut in the US and London, England in the UK.
As phone lines became more popular—between 1942 and 1962, the number of phones in the U.S. grew 230% to 76 million—telephone companies realized they would run out of phone numbers.
Johann Philipp Reis. Johann Philipp Reis (German:; 7 January 1834 – 14 January 1874) was a self-taught German scientist and inventor. In 1861, he constructed the first make-and-break telephone, today called the Reis telephone.
After more experimentation, he invented the polarized ringer, in which a small hammer positioned between two bells is electromagnetically drawn back and forth to strike them in rapid alternation; [7] [8] this device was manufactured for 60 years. [9] [10] Watson resigned from the Bell Telephone Company in 1881 at the age of 27. Using money from ...