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ɒ n,-ʃ ən /; [citation needed] Ancient Greek: παγκράτιον [paŋkráti.on]) was an unarmed combat sport introduced into the Greek Olympic Games in 648 BC. The athletes used boxing and wrestling techniques but also others, such as kicking, holds, joint locks, and chokes on the ground, making it similar to modern mixed martial arts. [1]
The currently accepted rules of ancient Greek boxing are based on historical references and images. Although there is some evidence of kicks in ancient Greek boxing, [8] [9] [10] this is the subject of debate among scholars. [11] [12] Because of the few intact sources and references to the sport, the rules can only be inferred. [13] No holds or ...
Onomastus of Smyrna (Greek: Ὀνόμαστος) was the first Olympic victor in boxing at the 23rd Olympiad, 688 BC, when this sport was added. According to Philostratus, [1] Pausanias and Eusebius, Onomastus was not only the first Olympic boxing champion but he wrote the rules of Ancient Greek boxing as well.
~100 BCE — in ancient Rome, boxing was primarily a gladiatorial contest; gladiators wore lead cestae over their knuckles and heavy leather straps on their forearms for protection against blows. [4] ~400 CE — boxing apparently went into centuries-long decline after the rise of Christianity and the decline of the Roman Empire. [2]
Pythagoras of Samos (Greek: Πυθαγόρας ο Σάμιος), as a youth, won the men's boxing event at the ancient Olympic Games. [1] During the 48th Olympiad, Pythagoras of Samos was excluded from the boys' boxing contest and was mocked for being effeminate, but he went on to the men's contest and defeated all his opponents. [2]
Prytanis of Cyzicus was an ancient Greek boxing athlete, originating from Cyzicus. Prytanis participated in the 98th ancient Olympic Games , where he was bribed by his opponents. Both Prytanis and those who corrupted him with money were fined.
Melankomas was born in Caria to an Ancient Greek boxing champion, of the same name, who lived during the first century C.E. He made a name for himself as an Ancient Greek boxer in the Olympiad, even winning in the 207th Olympiad in 49 A.D. [1] [2] [3]
In ancient Greece, there were very few rules in boxing - it was a brutal sport. Gloves were not typical in the ancient Greek version of the sport; rather, fighters wore himantes, or leather thongs, around their wrists and the lower part of their hands to protect them from damage.