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English: A 3D rendered image using ray tracing, rendered by the POV-Ray program. The scene uses very simple lighting, and uniform background colors, to make it easier to interpret differences in global illumination. A relatively low resolution mesh was used (some quality issues could be fixed by using a more detailed mesh).
A refraction ray traveling through transparent material works similarly, with the addition that a refractive ray could be entering or exiting a material. Turner Whitted extended the mathematical logic for rays passing through a transparent solid to include the effects of refraction. [19] A shadow ray is traced toward each light.
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In volumetric lighting, the light cone emitted by a light source is modeled as a transparent object and considered as a container of a "volume". As a result, light has the capability to give the effect of passing through an actual three-dimensional aerosol (e.g. fog, dust, smoke, or steam) that is inside its volume, just like in the real world.
This image shows the results of overlaying each of the above transparent PNG images on a background color of #6080A0. Note the gray fringes on the letters of the middle image. This shows how the above images would look when, for example, editing them. The grey and white check pattern would be converted into transparency.
The principal ray or chief ray (sometimes known as the b ray) in an optical system is the meridional ray that starts at an edge of an object and passes through the center of the aperture stop. [ 5 ] [ 8 ] [ 7 ] The distance between the chief ray (or an extension of it for a virtual image) and the optical axis at an image location defines the ...
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As light travels through space, it oscillates in amplitude. In this image, each maximum amplitude crest is marked with a plane to illustrate the wavefront. The ray is the arrow perpendicular to these parallel surfaces. A light ray is a line or curve that is perpendicular to the light's wavefronts (and is therefore collinear with the wave vector).