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This is a list of the UTC time offsets, showing the difference in hours and minutes from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), from the westernmost (−12:00) to the easternmost (+14:00). It includes countries and regions that observe them during standard time or year-round.
In Ireland, what Irish law designates as "standard time" is observed during the summer, with clocks turned one hour ahead of UTC. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] The SDT column shows the abbreviation used during the winter, even in Ireland, and the DST column shows the abbreviation used during the summer, which is "IST", where the "S" in "IST" stands for "Standard ...
India uses only one time zone (even though it spans two geographical time zones) across the whole nation and all its territories, called Indian Standard Time (IST), which equates to UTC+05:30, i.e. five and a half hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). India does not currently observe daylight saving time (DST or summer time).
The Indian Standard Time was adopted on 1 January 1906 during the British era with the phasing out of its precursor Madras Time (Railway Time), [2] and after Independence in 1947, the Union government established IST as the official time for the whole country, although Kolkata and Mumbai retained their own local time (known as Calcutta Time and Bombay Time) until 1948 and 1955, respectively. [3]
Such designations can be ambiguous; for example, "CST" can mean China Standard Time (UTC+08:00), Cuba Standard Time (UTC−05:00), and (North American) Central Standard Time (UTC−06:00), and it is also a widely used variant of ACST (Australian Central Standard Time, UTC+9:30). Such designations predate both ISO 8601 and the internet era; in ...
[6] [7] At the time, local mean time was used to set clocks, meaning that every place used its own local time based on its longitude because the time was measured by locally observing the Sun. Philippine Standard Time was instituted through Batas Pambansa Blg. 8 (that defined the metric system ), approved on December 2, 1978, and implemented on ...
For example, in Canada and the United States, when DST starts, the local time changes from 02:00 to 03:00, and when DST ends, the local time changes from 02:00 to 01:00. As the time change depends on the time zone, it does not occur simultaneously in all parts of these countries.
[a] Using telescopes, GMT was calibrated to the mean solar time at the prime meridian through the Royal Observatory, Greenwich. Chronometers or telegraphy were used to synchronize these clocks. [4] Standard time zones of the world. The number at the bottom of each zone specifies the number of hours to add to UTC to convert it to the local time.