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As the form of fixed-hour prayer developed in the Christian monastic communities in the East and West, the Offices grew both more elaborate and more complex, but the basic cycle of prayer still provided the structure for daily life in monasteries. By the fourth century, the elements of the canonical hours were more or less established.
Between 2005 and 2006, Collins republished The Divine Office and its various shorter editions with a new cover and revised Calendar of the Movable Feasts. Besides these shorter editions of The Divine Office, there used to be A Shorter Prayer During the Day comprising the Psalter for the Middle Hours also published by Collins. The last known ...
However, after the Second Vatican Council and the promulgation of the new Liturgy of the Hours, each monastery has the right to make his own monastic liturgy under the guidelines of the Thesaurus Liturgiae Horarum Monasticae (1977) which allows the usage of a different psalter order than Saint Benedict's or the retention of the canonical hour ...
The oldest copy of the Rule of Saint Benedict, from the eighth century (Oxford, Bodleian Library, MS. Hatton 48, fols. 6v–7r). The Rule of Saint Benedict (Latin: Regula Sancti Benedicti) is a book of precepts written in Latin c. 530 by St. Benedict of Nursia (c. AD 480–550) for monks living communally under the authority of an abbot.
The Lesser Litany (Kyrie and the Lord's Prayer) of Pius X's arrangement have now been omitted. In monastic life it is seen as a time for refreshment, reflection, and renewal. [13] The 1979 Book of Common Prayer's Order of Service for Noonday is based upon the traditional structure of the Little Offices. [14]
The fact that the monastic communities originally after Prime betook themselves to manual work or study is reflected in the prayer for the work … et opera manuum nostrarum dirige super nos et opus manuum nostrarum dirige ("… and direct thou the works of our hands over us; yea, the work of our hands do thou direct"), and the prayer Dirigere ...
Book of hours open at compline (Eisbergen Monastery in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany). Compline (/ ˈ k ɒ m p l ɪ n / KOM-plin), also known as Complin, Night Prayer, or the Prayers at the End of the Day, is the final prayer liturgy (or office) of the day in the Christian tradition of canonical hours, which are prayed at fixed prayer times.
A monastery of about a dozen monks would have been normal during this period. Medieval monastic life consisted of prayer, reading, and manual labor. [55] Prayer was a monk's first priority. Apart from prayer, monks performed a variety of tasks, such as preparing medicine, lettering, reading, and others.