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Many classical opiates are also referred to as opioids in modern nomenclature. Opioids include opiates, an older term that refers to such drugs derived from opium, including morphine itself. [24] Opiate is properly limited to the natural alkaloids found in the resin of the opium poppy although some include semi-synthetic derivatives.
A toxidrome (a portmanteau of toxic and syndrome, coined in 1970 by Mofenson and Greensher [2]) is a syndrome caused by a dangerous level of toxins in the body. It is often the consequence of a drug overdose. Common symptoms include dizziness, disorientation, nausea, vomiting and oscillopsia.
Opiate overdose symptoms and signs can be referred to as the "opioid toxidrome triad": decreased level of consciousness, pinpoint pupils and respiratory depression. Other symptoms include seizures and muscle spasms. Sometimes an opiate overdose can lead to such a decreased level of consciousness such that the person will not wake up.
[56] [78] As a result of downregulated signaling through these proteins, opiates cause VTA neuronal hyperexcitability and shrinkage (specifically, the size of the neuronal soma is reduced). [56] It has been shown that when an opiate-naive person begins using opiates in concentrations that induce euphoria, BDNF signaling increases in the VTA. [79]
An opiate is an alkaloid substance derived from opium (or poppy straw). [1]
“The brain may get OK with time in some persons. But it’s hard to find a person who has completely normal brain function after a long cycle of opiate addiction, not without specific medication treatment.” An abstinence-only treatment that may have a higher success rate for alcoholics simply fails opiate addicts.
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We'll cover exactly how to play Strands, hints for today's spangram and all of the answers for Strands #316 on Monday, January 13. Related: 16 Games Like Wordle To Give You Your Word Game Fix More ...