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Heth, sometimes written Chet or Ḥet, is the eighth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician ḥēt 𐤇, Hebrew ḥēt ח , Aramaic ḥēṯ 𐡇, Syriac ḥēṯ ܚ, and Arabic ḥāʾ ح . Heth originally represented a voiceless fricative, either pharyngeal /ħ/, or velar /x/.
This sound is the most commonly cited realization of the Semitic letter hēth, which occurs in all dialects of Arabic, Classical Syriac, Western Neo-Aramaic, Central Neo-Aramaic, Ge'ez, Tigre, Tigrinya as well as Biblical, Mishnaic and Mizrahi Hebrew. It has also been reconstructed as appearing in Ancient Egyptian, a related Afro-Asiatic language.
This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Hebrew on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Hebrew in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them.
A Hebrew variant of the Proto-Canaanite alphabet, called the paleo-Hebrew alphabet by scholars, began to emerge around 800 BCE. [13] An example is the Siloam inscription (c. 700 BCE). [14] The paleo-Hebrew alphabet was used in the ancient kingdoms of Israel and Judah.
The two main accents of modern Hebrew are Oriental and Non-Oriental. [2] Oriental Hebrew was chosen as the preferred accent for Israel by the Academy of the Hebrew Language, but has since declined in popularity. [2] The description in this article follows the language as it is pronounced by native Israeli speakers of the younger generations.
The sound is represented by x̣ (ex with underdot) in Americanist phonetic notation. It is sometimes transcribed with x (or r , if rhotic ) in broad transcription. Most languages claimed to have a voiceless uvular fricative may actually have a voiceless uvular fricative trill (a simultaneous [χ] and [ ʀ̥ ] ).
One pronunciation associated with the Hebrew of Western Sephardim (Spanish and Portuguese Jews of Northern Europe and their descendants) is a velar nasal ([ŋ]) sound, as in English singing, but other Sephardim of the Balkans, Anatolia, North Africa, and the Levant maintain the pharyngeal sound of Yemenite Hebrew or Arabic of their regional ...
Pataḥ (Hebrew: פַּתָּח patákh, IPA:, Biblical Hebrew: pattā́ḥ) is a Hebrew niqqud vowel sign represented by a horizontal line אַ underneath a letter. In modern Hebrew, it indicates the phoneme /a/ which is close to the "[a]" sound in the English word far and is transliterated as an a.