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The eight queens puzzle is the problem of placing eight chess queens on an 8×8 chessboard so that no two queens threaten each other; thus, a solution requires that no two queens share the same row, column, or diagonal. There are 92 solutions. The problem was first posed in the mid-19th century.
Examples where backtracking can be used to solve puzzles or problems include: Puzzles such as eight queens puzzle, crosswords, verbal arithmetic, Sudoku [nb 1], and Peg Solitaire. Combinatorial optimization problems such as parsing and the knapsack problem. Goal-directed programming languages such as Icon, Planner and Prolog, which use ...
Some of the puzzles are well known classics, some are variations of known puzzles making them more algorithmic, and some are new. [4] They include: Puzzles involving chessboards, including the eight queens puzzle, knight's tours, and the mutilated chessboard problem [1] [3] [4] Balance puzzles [3] River crossing puzzles [3] [4] The Tower of ...
Modelling Sudoku as an exact cover problem and using an algorithm such as Knuth's Algorithm X and his Dancing Links technique "is the method of choice for rapid finding [measured in microseconds] of all possible solutions to Sudoku puzzles." [18] An alternative approach is the use of Gauss elimination in combination with column and row striking.
Named after the number of tiles in the frame, the 15 puzzle may also be called a "16 puzzle", alluding to its total tile capacity. Similar names are used for different sized variants of the 15 puzzle, such as the 8 puzzle, which has 8 tiles in a 3×3 frame. The n puzzle is a classical problem for modeling algorithms involving heuristics.
A mathematical chess problem is a mathematical problem which is formulated using a chessboard and chess pieces. These problems belong to recreational mathematics.The most well-known problems of this kind are the eight queens puzzle and the knight's tour problem, which have connection to graph theory and combinatorics.
Animation of an iterative algorithm-solving 6-disk problem A simple solution for the toy puzzle is to alternate moves between the smallest piece and a non-smallest piece. When moving the smallest piece, always move it to the next position in the same direction (to the right if the starting number of pieces is even, to the left if the starting ...
The Euclidean algorithm for greatest common divisor which underlies the solution of such problems was discovered by the Greek geometer Euclid and published in his Elements in 300 BC. Prof. David Singmaster , a historian of puzzles, traces a series of less plausibly related problems through the middle ages, with a few references as far back as ...