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Eratosthenes created a whole section devoted to the examination of Homer, and acquired original works of great tragic dramas of Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides. [6] Eratosthenes made several important contributions to mathematics and science, and was a friend of Archimedes. Around 255 BC, he invented the armillary sphere.
Eratosthenes (c. 276–194 BC) Scymnus (fl. 180s BC) Hipparchus (c. 190–120 BC) Agatharchides (2nd century BC) Posidonius (c. 135–51 BC) Pseudo-Scymnus (c. 90 BC) Diodorus Siculus (c. 90–30 BC) Alexander Polyhistor (1st century BC) Roman Empire period 15th century reconstruction of Ptolemy's map. Periplus of the Erythraean Sea; Strabo (63 ...
Alexander Von Humboldt, considered to be the founding father of physical geography. Richard Chorley, 20th-century geographer who progressed quantitative geography and who helped bring the systems approach to geography. Eratosthenes (276 – 194 BC) – who made the first known reliable estimation of the Earth's size. [1]
In more recent developments, geography has become a distinct academic discipline. 'Geography' derives from the Greek γεωγραφία – geographia, [1] literally "Earth-writing", that is, description or writing about the Earth. The first person to use the word geography was Eratosthenes (276–194 BC).
A "true circumnavigation" of Earth is defined, in order to account for the shape of Earth, to be about 2.5 times as long, including a crossing of the equator, at about 40,000 km (25,000 mi). [24] On the flat Earth model, the ratios would require the Antarctic Circle to be 2.5 times the length of the circumnavigation, or 2.5 × 2.5 = 6.25 times ...
Important contributions to geodesy and geography were also made by Biruni. He introduced techniques to measure Earth and distances on it using triangulation . He found the radius of Earth to be 6,339.6 kilometres (3,939.2 mi), a value not obtained in the West until the 16th century.
1883 reconstruction of Eratosthenes' map [9] Eratosthenes (276–194 BCE) drew an improved world map, incorporating information from the campaigns of Alexander the Great and his successors. Asia became wider, reflecting the new understanding of the actual size of the continent. Eratosthenes was also the first geographer to incorporate parallels ...
The man credited for this achievement was Eratosthenes (275–195 BC), a Greek scholar who lived in Hellenistic North Africa. As described by George Sarton, historian of science, "there was among them [Eratosthenes's contemporaries] a man of genius but as he was working in a new field they were too stupid to recognize him". [27]