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The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC; ISO: Saṁgha Loka Sevā Āyoga) is a constitutional body tasked with recruiting officers for All India Services and the Central Civil Services (Group A and B) through various standardized examinations. [1] In 2023, 1.3 million applicants competed for just 1,255 positions. [2]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 17 January 2025. Civil services examination in India This article is about the examination in India. For civil service examinations in general, see civil service entrance examination. This article may need to be rewritten to comply with Wikipedia's quality standards. You can help. The talk page may ...
In materials science and metallurgy, toughness is the ability of a material to absorb energy and plastically deform without fracturing. [1] Toughness is the strength with which the material opposes rupture. One definition of material toughness is the amount of energy per unit volume that a material can absorb before rupturing.
The energy can be transferred between two mediums or transformed into other forms of energy. A thermal engineer will have knowledge of thermodynamics and the process of converting generated energy from thermal sources into chemical, mechanical, or electrical energy. Many process plants use a wide variety of machines that utilize components that ...
Environmental embrittlement [2] is a surface effect where molecules from the atmosphere surrounding the material under test are adsorbed onto the fresh crack surface. This is most clearly seen from fatigue measurements where the measured crack growth rates [24] can be an order of magnitude higher in hydrogen than in air. That this effect is due ...
A higher climate sensitivity would mean more dramatic increases in temperature, which makes it more prudent to take significant climate action. [17] If climate sensitivity turns out to be on the high end of what scientists estimate, the Paris Agreement goal of limiting global warming to well below 2 °C cannot be achieved, and temperature ...
Former Google CEO Eric Schmidt says human-directed AI-controlled drones are the future of war. Schmidt's startup, White Stork, is developing drones for Ukraine to use in its war with Russia.
The macroscopic energy equation for infinitesimal volume used in heat transfer analysis is [6] = +, ˙, where q is heat flux vector, −ρc p (∂T/∂t) is temporal change of internal energy (ρ is density, c p is specific heat capacity at constant pressure, T is temperature and t is time), and ˙ is the energy conversion to and from thermal ...