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Molar mass: 95.53 g·mol −1 Appearance Orthorhombic bipyramidal crystals Density: 1.354 g/cm 3 at 20 °C ... Guanidinium chloride or guanidine hydrochloride, ...
Guanidine exists protonated, as guanidinium, in solution at physiological pH. Guanidinium chloride (also known as guanidine hydrochloride) has chaotropic properties and is used to denature proteins. Guanidinium chloride is known to denature proteins with a linear relationship between concentration and free energy of unfolding.
Guanidinium thiocyanate can be used to deactivate a virus, such as the influenza virus that caused the 1918 "Spanish flu", so that it can be studied safely.. Guanidinium thiocyanate is also used to lyse cells and virus particles in RNA and DNA extractions, where its function, in addition to its lysing action, is to prevent activity of RNase enzymes and DNase enzymes by denaturing them.
The dihydrate is made by a similar reaction, using hydrochloric acid: Sn (s) + 2 HCl (aq) → SnCl 2 (aq) + H 2 (g) The water then carefully evaporated from the acidic solution to produce crystals of SnCl 2 ·2H 2 O. This dihydrate can be dehydrated to anhydration using acetic anhydride. [6]
Molar mass: 115.180 g·mol −1 Appearance Colourless liquid Density: 918 mg mL −1: Melting point: −30 °C (−22 °F; 243 K) Boiling point:
potassium permanganate has a molar mass of 158.034(1) g mol −1, and reacts with five moles of electrons per mole of potassium permanganate, so its equivalent weight is 158.034(1) g mol −1 /5 eq mol −1 = 31.6068(3) g eq −1. Historically, the equivalent weights of the elements were often determined by studying their reactions with oxygen.
[7] [8] [9] Thus the complete absence of thiocyanate or reduced thiocyanate [10] in the human body, (e.g., cystic fibrosis) is damaging to the human host defense system. [11] [12] Thiocyanate is a potent competitive inhibitor of the thyroid sodium-iodide symporter. [13] Iodine is an essential component of thyroxine. Since thiocyanates will ...
2-Cyanoguanidine is a nitrile derived from guanidine. It is a dimer of cyanamide, from which it can be prepared. 2-Cyanoguanidine is a colourless solid that is soluble in water, acetone, and alcohol, but not nonpolar organic solvents. [1]