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This is the sole species in the genus Ostenia, is endemic to New Zealand and not much is known about its biology or ecology. [11] Diseases. Because grass grub build up large colonies in the soil, disease can spread quickly and be devastating to the population. The most common disease of the New Zealand Grass Grub is Amber disease.
The grubs hatch by late July. The grub population consists mainly of first instars in early- to mid-August, second instars by early September, and third instars by mid-September to early October. In frost zones, the grubs feed until November, then move deeper into the soil. In frost-free areas, the larva will feed all winter.
The larvae, known as "chafer grubs" or "white grubs", hatch four to six weeks after being laid as eggs. They feed on plant roots, for instance potato roots. The grubs develop in the earth for three to four years, in colder climates even five years, and grow continually to a size of about 4–5 cm, before they pupate in early autumn and develop ...
Some species prey on root grubs. Chloropid flies assembling on a window. Flies of most of the species of Chloropidae commonly in grass. Some species will assemble in large numbers on trunks and branches of trees and shrubs, sometimes on plants in flower. They sometimes assemble in thousands on walls or windows.
Particularly well known species include Holotrichia serrata which is a serious problem in sugarcane cultivation and Holotrichia consanguinea which is a problem in groundnut cultivation. [2] Holotrichia parallela is known as the "dark/large black chafer" or "Asian cockchafer " and is a serious agricultural pest of sweet potato, peanut and ...
Grubs grow up to 1 cm in length, have a slightly curved, legless body and are creamy white in colour with a tan-brown head. They live below the soil surface, and feed on roots and cambium at the base of trunks. They mostly cause damage to herbaceous plants, particularly those growing in containers, where root growth is restricted.
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Many species are fossorial, with legs adapted for digging. In some groups males (and sometimes females) have prominent horns on the head and/or pronotum to fight over mates or resources. [4] The largest fossil scarabaeid was Oryctoantiquus borealis with a length of 50 millimetres (2.0 in). [5] A scarab beetle grub from Australia.