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Pancasila discourse during reformation has been colored by political antagonism of between radical Islamism by bold statements such as “Pancasila is in contradiction with Islam” and “those who follow the Pancasila will perish” and secular nationalist who says that “Pancasila adalah harga mati” (Pancasila is non-negotiable; now and ...
Ministry of State Apparatus Utilization and Bureaucratic Reform (Indonesian: Kementerian Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara dan Reformasi Birokrasi) is a government ministry that is responsible for public servants in Indonesia.
A sovereign state is a state that has the supreme sovereignty or ultimate authority over a territory. [1] It is commonly understood that a sovereign state is independent. [2] ...
The Rukun Negara was declared officially by the fourth Yang di-Pertuan Agong, Ismail Nasiruddin of Terengganu on August 31, 1970, which is the Malaysian Independence Day. The declaration was held on the 13th Independence Day celebration at Dataran Merdeka (formerly known as Selangor Club Padang).
An era of Liberal Democracy (Indonesian: Demokrasi Liberal) in Indonesia began on August 17, 1950, following the dissolution of the federal United States of Indonesia less than a year after its formation, and ended with the imposition of martial law and President Sukarno's decree regarding the introduction of Guided Democracy on July 5, 1959.
During Second Development Cabinet, the office were renamed as 'State Minister/State Secretary' (Indonesian: Menteri Negara/Sekretaris Negara). Since 28 March 1973, the office were merged with the Cabinet Secretary. In March 1988, Sudharmono was elected Suharto's vice president on his fifth term. Murdiono 21 March 1988 14 March 1998
Modern Wawasan Nusantara, the Indonesian archipelagic baselines pursuant to article 47, paragraph 9, of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). Wawasan Nusantara, or Indonesian Archipelagic Vision, is the national vision of Indonesia towards their people, nation, and territory of the unitary state of the Republic of Indonesia (including its land and sea as well as the air ...
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