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  2. Data buffer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_buffer

    In computer science, a data buffer (or just buffer) is a region of memory used to store data temporarily while it is being moved from one place to another. Typically, the data is stored in a buffer as it is retrieved from an input device (such as a microphone) or just before it is sent to an output device (such as speakers); however, a buffer may be used when data is moved between processes ...

  3. System Global Area - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_Global_Area

    In general, the SGA consists of the following: buffer cache: holds copies of data blocks read from datafiles [1]; dictionary cache: holds information about data dictionary tables, such as information about account, datafile, segment, extent, table and privileges

  4. FIFO (computing and electronics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FIFO_(computing_and...

    Representation of a FIFO queue. In computing and in systems theory, first in, first out (the first in is the first out), acronymized as FIFO, is a method for organizing the manipulation of a data structure (often, specifically a data buffer) where the oldest (first) entry, or "head" of the queue, is processed first.

  5. Database - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database

    Formally, a "database" refers to a set of related data accessed through the use of a "database management system" (DBMS), which is an integrated set of computer software that allows users to interact with one or more databases and provides access to all of the data contained in the database (although restrictions may exist that limit access to particular data).

  6. Database storage structures - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database_storage_structures

    By contrast, column-oriented DBMS store all data from a given column together in order to more quickly serve data warehouse-style queries. Correlation databases are similar to row-based databases, but apply a layer of indirection to map multiple instances of the same value to the same numerical identifier.

  7. Write-ahead logging - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Write-ahead_logging

    The changes are first recorded in the log, which must be written to stable storage, before the changes are written to the database. [2] The main functionality of a write-ahead log can be summarized as: [3] Allow the page cache to buffer updates to disk-resident pages while ensuring durability semantics in the larger context of a database system.

  8. Buffer overflow - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffer_overflow

    Visualization of a software buffer overflow. Data is written into A, but is too large to fit within A, so it overflows into B.. In programming and information security, a buffer overflow or buffer overrun is an anomaly whereby a program writes data to a buffer beyond the buffer's allocated memory, overwriting adjacent memory locations.

  9. Block (data storage) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block_(data_storage)

    Data thus structured are said to be blocked. The process of putting data into blocks is called blocking, while deblocking is the process of extracting data from blocks. Blocked data is normally stored in a data buffer, and read or written a whole block at a time. Blocking reduces the overhead and speeds up the handling of the data stream. [3]