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Two men cutting templates in the mold loft, Tyneside Shipyards, 1943 As ship design evolved from craft to science, designers learned various ways to produce long curves on a flat surface. Generating and drawing such curves became a part of ship lofting; "lofting" means drawing full-sized patterns, so-called because it was often done in large ...
In urban planning, the grid plan, grid street plan, or gridiron plan is a type of city plan in which streets run at right angles to each other, forming a grid. [ 1 ] Two inherent characteristics of the grid plan, frequent intersections and orthogonal geometry, facilitate movement.
Surveyor's plan of Salt Lake City, circa 1870s – an example of a uniform square grid A straight street of a grid pattern in a 1950s suburb exhibiting low density, single family detached housing. Regarding repetitiveness of housing form, ground observation shows no relation to street pattern. Homogeneity correlates better with methods of ...
The British school centres around the work of M.R.G. Conzen, who developed a technique called 'town-plan analysis.' The key aspects for analysis according to Conzen are: The town plan; Pattern of building forms; Pattern of land use; The town plan in turn contains three complexes of plan element: Streets and their arrangement into a street-system
A recent study [5] did extensive spatial analysis and correlated several building, site plan and social factors with crime frequencies and identified nuances to the contrasting positions. The study looked at, among others, a) dwelling types, b) unit density (site density) c) movement on the street, d) culs–de-sac or grids and e) the ...
Pattern in architecture is the idea of capturing architectural design ideas as archetypal and reusable descriptions. The term pattern in this context is usually attributed to Christopher Alexander, [1] an Austrian born American architect. The patterns serve as an aid to design cities and buildings. The concept of having collections of "patterns ...
A Pattern Language: Towns, Buildings, Construction is a 1977 book on architecture, urban design, and community livability.It was authored by Christopher Alexander, Sara Ishikawa and Murray Silverstein of the Center for Environmental Structure of Berkeley, California, with writing credits also to Max Jacobson, Ingrid Fiksdahl-King and Shlomo Angel.
A design pattern is the re-usable form of a solution to a design problem. The idea was introduced by the architect Christopher Alexander [ 1 ] and has been adapted for various other disciplines, particularly software engineering .