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This is a list of countries and territories by income inequality metrics, as calculated by the World Bank, UNU-WIDER, OCDE, and World Inequality Database, based on different indicators, like Gini coefficient and specific income ratios.
The Wealth Gini coefficients from 2008 are based on a working paper published by the National Bureau of Economic Research. [5] The Wealth Gini numbers for 2018, 2019, and 2021 come from the Global Wealth Databook by Credit Suisse. [6] [7] [8] * indicates "Wealth inequality in COUNTRY or TERRITORY" or "Income inequality in COUNTRY or TERRITORY ...
In economics, the Gini coefficient (/ ˈ dʒ iː n i / JEE-nee), also known as the Gini index or Gini ratio, is a measure of statistical dispersion intended to represent the income inequality, the wealth inequality, or the consumption inequality [2] within a nation or a social group. It was developed by Italian statistician and sociologist ...
Gini: Higher Gini coefficients signify greater inequality in wealth distribution. A Gini coefficient of 0 reflects perfect wealth equality, where all wealth values are the same, while a Gini coefficient of 1 (or 100%) reflects maximal wealth inequality, a situation where a single individual has all the wealth while all others have none.
A score of "0" on the Gini coefficient represents complete equality, i.e. every person has the same income. A score of 1 would represent the case in which one person would have all the income and others would have none. Therefore, a lower Gini score is roughly associated with a more equal distribution of income and vice versa.
The adjustment of income for inequality based on the Gini coefficient was first proposed by Amartya Sen in 1976. [3] The adjustment was first applied by the UN on income data in 1993, before later being expanded to the general HDI. [4] All data is from 2013. [1]
This is a list of countries by inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI), as published by the UNDP in its 2024 Human Development Report.According to the 2016 Report, "The IHDI can be interpreted as the level of human development when inequality is accounted for", whereas the Human Development Index itself, from which the IHDI is derived, is "an index of potential human development (or ...
Compared to the Gini coefficient in practice, CV puts higher weight on the right tail of the scale, making it sensitive to the rich. Coefficient of variation may be a suitable choice of measure if the goal of a study is to analyze the wealth concentration at the top of the distribution. [17] [18]